Archive for ‘income-wealth gap’

04/02/2013

* The party has to stop, technology tycoon tells India’s mega rich

The Times: “One of India’s top technology bosses has attacked the growing tendency towards conspicuous consumption among his country’s business elite, saying that some of the excesses were repugnant in a nation of such poverty.

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Azim Premji, the billionaire philanthropist and chairman of Wipro, the IT services group, said that practices such as flying in American bands for weddings at $1 million a time were damaging in India, where official statistics last year suggested that 360 million people were living in the depths of poverty.

His words come as Delhi considers imposing higher taxes on the super-rich as it tries to close a yawning budget gap.

The country’s ultra-wealthy should be devoting more of their earnings to philanthropy, Mr Premji said. He declined to be drawn on whether he thought the elite should be subject to higher taxes, emphasising instead the importance of giving away wealth voluntarily. The 67-year-old is one of Asia’s leading philanthropists and in 2001 founded the Azim Premji Foundation, an educational charity to which he has handed billions of dollars.

Mr Premji said: “In India the very rich are demonstrating too much conspicuous wealth in terms of lifestyle. That I think has not been the culture of India in terms of the previous rich, [who] always had very moderate, regulated lifestyles. That is getting a lot of visibility. If you go for parties and you go for weddings and in a country of our poverty some of those make you sick.”

India’s economy has slowed sharply, with growth of 5.5 per cent forecast for this year, down from expansion of over 8 per cent early in the decade. Mr Premji said that his country’s boom had been hyped in the past and that its image had been damaged recently by the economic slowdown and policy indecision.

Mr Premji, ranked as India’s third-wealthiest person by Forbes, warned that unemployment in his country could turn into a “complete disaster” if growth did not accelerate sharply.”

via The party has to stop, technology tycoon tells India’s mega rich | The Times.

30/12/2012

* China Pledges Rural Reforms to Boost Incomes, Consumption

Another angle on narrowing the wealth gap.

Bloomberg: “China said it will better protect farmers’ land rights and boost rural incomes and public services to help narrow the divide with urban areas.

China Pledges Land Reforms to Boost Incomes as Wealth Gap Grows

A farmer works in a field in Pinggu, on the outskirts of Beijing. Photographer: Tomohiro Ohsumi/Bloomberg

The government will increase agricultural subsidies and ensure “reasonable returns” from planting crops, the official Xinhua news agency reported on Dec. 22, citing an annual work conference to set rural policy.

The goals, which include increasing rural incomes by at least as much as those in urban areas, reflect a new leadership’s focus on reforming the land system and addressing wealth disparities as it encourages migration into towns and cities to boost consumption. Li Keqiang, set to take over from Wen Jiabao as premier in March, is championing urbanization as a growth engine.

“A completely new policy approach is emerging under Li Keqiang,” said Yuan Gangming, a researcher in Beijing with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. “It’s about giving farmers a bigger share from land deals, it’s about changing local governments’ reliance on revenues from land, and it’s ultimately about a fairer system of sharing China’s economic growth.”

Yuan said he expects the government to be appointed in March to announce “a slew of policy initiatives” from changes to the household registration, or hukou, system to trading in land-use rights as part of Li’s urbanization drive.

The Shanghai Composite Index closed up 0.3 percent. Some Asian markets are closed today, while trading hours are restricted in some others.”

via China Pledges Rural Reforms to Boost Incomes, Consumption – Bloomberg.

30/12/2012

* Wealth gap to be cut, Han Changfu tells Central Rural Work Conference

The new regime seems to be determined to make substantial changes for the better.  This is but one of several declared changes in policy or practice since Xi and LI took over in mid-November.

SCMP: “Beijing will look to boost farmers’ income, protect their land rights and seek more equitable treatment for migrant workers in cities, reports from the annual rural work conference said yesterday.

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Agriculture Minister Han Changfu told the two-day Central Rural Work Conference that the government would aim to narrow the gap between rural and urban residents by keeping the annual rate of income growth in the countryside at least 7.5 per cent, according to the People’s Daily. He said urban policies should focus on fostering new sustainable agricultural business models to encourage young migrant workers to return home to farm, Xinhua reported.

Han highlighted a critical “lack of sustainable manpower” in the country’s agriculture sector, with more than 60 per cent of young migrant workers saying they have no plans to return to farming, Caixin reported.

Supporting agricultural development would require maintaining stable land contract management while allowing the orderly transfer of farmers’ land management rights, Han said, according to Xinhua.

The central government would also help expand support to include family farms and specialised co-operatives, he added.

Despite being one of the world’s biggest agricultural producers, China increasingly needs to import food as demand for grain continues to outstrip supply, Han said, according to Caixin. He would not say how much food the country is importing.

The meeting’s participants included academics, businessmen and regulators, and other agriculture sector officials. In addition to ensuring the country’s grain supply, they said steps were needed to ensure farmers can profit during times of rising grain prices and production costs.

The government would also work to better balance urban and rural development, and ensure fair treatment for migrant workers in cities, participants said.”

via Wealth gap to be cut, Han Changfu tells Central Rural Work Conference | South China Morning Post.

10/12/2012

* China wealth gap continues to widen, survey finds

This is the kind of disparity that is most worrying to the Party. Unless it gets the support of the majority, including the poor, its mandate is suspect.

SCMP: “The chasm between China’s rich and poor has widened to alarming levels, according to survey results released by the Survey and Research Centre for China Household Finance.

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The survey, released on Sunday, reported a rise in China’s Gini coefficient, a key yardstick of income or wealth inequality, to 0.61 in 2010, the latest year for which there is data on China.

That number is significantly higher than the global average of 0.44 and 50 per cent above the “risk level” for social unrest, the Beijing Times reported.

The figure was 0.56 for urban households and 0.60 for rural households.

Measured on a scale of 0 to 1, a Gini coefficient of 0 represents perfect equality in which everyone has the same income, and 1 represents maximal inequality in which just one person holds all the wealth.

Since China first published data on the Gini-coefficient in 2000, the official figure has stayed level at 0.412. In 2005, the World Bank data put the figure at 0.425, the last year it published a Gini index for the country.

Li Shi, executive dean of Beijing Normal University’s China Institute of Income Distribution, who compiled his own Gini survey in 2007, told Bloomberg News in September that a poll of 20,000 households gave an index of 0.48.

“A high Gini coefficient is a common phenomenon in the process of rapid economic development. It is the natural result of the market allocating resources efficiently,” said Gan Li, the director of the research centre, at a briefing in Beijing.

“Relying on market forces alone can’t narrow the gap so China must change the structure of income distribution and rely on massive fiscal transfers to narrow the yawning disparity.””

via China wealth gap continues to widen, survey finds | South China Morning Post.

06/11/2012

* Chinese State Media Survey: It’s the Wealth Gap, Stupid

Close on the heels of a survey regarding happiness, comes this more serious survey. The new leadership should heed the results:

  1. Reducing the wealth gap
  2. Reducing corruption
  3. Reforming economics

WSJ: “With China’s once-a-decade leadership transition set to get underway on Thursday, pundits and scholars around the globe are speculating about what Beijing’s new top brass will — or won’t — do to tackle the country’s many problems. But what change are Chinese people themselves expecting to see?

If an online survey conducted by the state-run China Youth Daily newspaper is anything to go by, the answer is one that recalls the ideological roots, if not the recent reality, of China’s ruling party: income redistribution.

Of 11,405 Chinese Internet users polled by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily last week, 66.6% said they thought the country was likely to pursue reforms related to income distribution in the future, the newspaper reported on Tuesday (in Chinese). Second on the list were reforms aimed at curbing corruption (57.8%), followed by reforms of the economic system (53.5%) in third.

The results exceeded 100% because respondents were allowed to choose multiple options. Nearly half of respondents were born in the 1980s, with 17.7% born in the 1990s and the rest born in the 1970s, the newspaper said, adding that most of those who took part in the poll earned less than 5000 yuan ($800) per month.”

via State Media Survey: It’s the Wealth Gap, Stupid. – China Real Time Report – WSJ.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/2012/11/05/china-authorities-pushing-happiness-amid-rising-discontent/

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