Archive for ‘Economics’

15/04/2012

* US says China making progress on currency, urges more

Reuters: “A senior White House aide said on Saturday that China had made some progress toward easing restrictions on its currency but stressed the United States wanted to see more actions taken.

At a briefing with reporters in Colombia, where President Barack Obama is attending a summit with Latin American leaders, White House adviser Ben Rhodes said the Obama administration was closely reviewing Beijing’s announcement that it was doubling the size of its yuan’s trading band against the dollar. “It comes in the continuum of us wanting to see the Chinese take more of these steps to see their currency appreciate to come in line with market value,” Rhodes said. “They’ve made some progress. We’d like to see more movement.”

“The Peoples Bank of China said on Saturday it would allow the yuan to rise or fall 1 percent from a mid-point every day, effective Monday, compared to its previous 0.5 percent limit. Currency experts said the move reflected a belief in Beijing that the currency is near its equilibrium level and that China’s economy, although cooling, is sturdy enough to handle long-promised structural reforms.

China’s currency is a sensitive topic in the United States, where many business leaders believe an undervalued yuan gives Chinese exports an unfair price advantage on global markets.”

via U.S. says China making progress on currency, urges more | Reuters.

06/04/2012

* China’s import tariffs cut praised by WTO

China Daily: “China’s decision to cut import tariffs, against the backdrop of lurking protectionism in “too many” countries, has been hailed by the World Trade Organization.”

At a time when too many governments are reverting to trade restrictive measures, news of China’s market-opening initiative is most welcome,” WTO spokesman Keith Rockwell said in an interview with China Daily in Brussels. Rockwell was speaking after China announced a package of measures cutting import tariffs last week. The measures will see duty reduced on “some energy products, raw materials, consumer goods closely related to peoples lives, and key items that China does not produce”. And Beijing will encourage more purchases from countries and regions that have signed free trade agreements with China. Boosting imports will entail a more open market for a range of goods, Rockwell said.  The Ministry of Commerce will announce details of the measures soon.”

via Chinas import tariffs cut praised|Economy|chinadaily.com.cn.

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06/04/2012

* Indian jewellers meet Sonia, demand duty roll back

The Hindu: “Agitating jewellers and bullion traders on Friday called on Congress president Sonia Gandhito press for their demand forSonia Gandhi in 2009.

removal of excise duty on unbranded jewellery. “We today met Sonia Gandhi and requested her to tell the government to roll back excise duty on unbranded jewellery, reduce customs duty and lower TDS on sale of jewellery,” All India Swarankar Sangh President Madhukar Chachad told reporters after the meeting. Ms. Gandhi, he said, “has assured us that she will forward our demands to Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee for further action”.

Ahead of the meeting of jewellers with Ms. Gandhi, the Congress had asked the government to look into the demands of jewellers, who have been agitating for more than a fortnight. “Congress has asked the government to consider the demand of jewellers sympathetically,” AICC General Secretary and media department chief Janardhan Dwivedi said. Bullion traders and jewellers are protesting since the presentation of the Budget which had imposed excise duty on unbranded jewellery, raised customs duty on gold and proposed TDS requirement on sale of  on sale of jewellery.”

via The Hindu : News / National : Jewellers meet Sonia, demand duty roll back.

The purpose of the excise duty is to try and divert Indians from investing in ‘economically inactive’ gold into ‘proactive investiments’ such as stocks and shares or even property. If this works, India will stop being the world’s number 1 importer of gold and China will become number 1.

04/04/2012

* Premier Wen Appeals to Shake Up Bank System

Wall Street Journal: “Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao told a national audience on Tuesday that Chinas state-controlled banks are a “monopoly” that must be broken up, in a blunt appeal for a shake-up of the creaky financial system of the worlds No. 2 economy.

温家宝

温家宝 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

In an evening broadcast on state-run China National Radio, Mr. Wen told an audience of business leaders that Chinas tightly controlled banking system needs to change. “Let me be frank. Our banks earn profit too easily. Why? Because a small number of large banks have a monopoly,” said Mr. Wen, according to the transcript of the program on the broadcasters website. “To break the monopoly, we must allow private capital to flow into the finance sector.

Mr. Wen’s comments tap into a rich vein of popular anger against Chinas biggest banks that has been building in recent months online and in the media. The backlash was initially prompted by frustration at what has been perceived as banks’ payments of low interest rates on deposits and indiscriminate levying of fees. It has worsened in recent weeks as lenders posted record profits, even as the economy slows and some companies struggle to access credit.”

via Wen Appeals to Shake Up Bank System – WSJ.com.

So it’s not only Western, capitalist banks that are in people’s bad books!

03/04/2012

* Insight: Bullish China shops in industrial Germany

Reuters: “German businessman Norbert Scheuch was bowled over by his red-carpet treatment on a visit to China late last year and by how fast the country’s largest construction firm sealed the deal to buy his company. The head of Sany Heavy Industry, which is controlled by China’s richest man, Liang Wengen, personally gave Scheuch a tour of their plant and then had a top manager drive him to the airport and wait with him for his flight home. “Nobody would ever do that in Europe,” said Scheuch, CEO of concrete pump maker Putzmeister.

“The Chinese made it very clear from the beginning they wanted the company immediately,” he added. Barely a month later, Sany’s top negotiator Xiang Wenbo was in the offices of law firm Shearman Sterling in Frankfurt at 3 am to sign the deal to buy Putzmeister for 360 million euros ($472 million) after a nine-hour session with the notary.

The purchase, which gives Sany a technological edge over its rivals, illustrates how Chinese investors are becoming more savvy about foreign takeovers, not just to gain access to raw materials or patents but as an engine for growth. By keeping the German management in place after its acquisition and announcing that Putzmeister would become its new international distribution hub outside China for concrete machinery, Sany also defied the clichés about Chinese practices and assuaged local anxiety among employees. “I had to promise the Chinese solemnly that our management would stay on board,” Scheuch said.

Germany, Europe’s largest economy and home to many small and medium-sized companies famed for their technological know-how and exporting prowess, is especially attractive for cash-rich Chinese businesses looking to build a global profile. Some German and other European companies also look cheap to Chinese buyers after the euro zones sovereign debt crisis.”

Rest of long article is equally interesting.

via Insight: Bullish China shops in industrial Germany | Reuters.

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02/04/2012

* Trade Groups: Foreign Firms Giving Up on India

Wall Street Journal: “A group of international trade and industry associations claiming to represent some 250,000 companies have written to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh strongly criticizing the proposal, tucked away in the budget, to tax transactions potentially as far back as 1962.

“This is now prompting a widespread reconsideration of the costs and benefits of investing in India,” the letter said, adding that confidence in doing business here has been undermined. Hello China, Brazil, and Indonesia in other words.

The controversial proposal, which would impose tax on the exchange of an Indian asset by two companies outside India, already has sparked howls of protest among foreign companies. It would reverse a recent Supreme Court ruling on the issue in favor of Vodafone Group PLC of the U.K. and be retroactive in its impact. It would potentially affect hundreds of corporate acquisitions. Many foreign companies say they now feel singled out for financial punishment as the government seeks to narrow its troublingly high fiscal deficit.”

via Trade Groups: Foreign Firms Giving Up on India – India Real Time – WSJ.

It seems that India has acquired the habit of shooting itself in the foot now and then. This is one of these occasions.

02/04/2012

* Sino-ASEAN ties key to peace in S. China Sea

China Daily: “China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations should work hard to boost practical cooperation and maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea, said a joint statement due to be issued on Monday by China and Cambodia. According to the statement, the two countries agreed that “China and ASEAN countries shall continue to abide by the purpose and spirit of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea and give full play to all the existing mechanisms including the guidelines for the implementation of the DOC to make it a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation for China and ASEAN countries”.

Monday is the final day of President Hu Jintao’s four-day state visit to Cambodia, which holds the rotating chair of ASEAN in 2012 and plays an important role in East Asian cooperation and China-ASEAN relations. It also comes just two days ahead of a two-day regional summit of ASEAN in Phnom Penh.”

via Sino-ASEAN ties key to peace in S. China Sea|Politics|chinadaily.com.cn.

Given the increasing tension in the South China Seas due to conflicting oceanic territoriual claims, where large depositis of oil and gas are predicted, this must be good news.

30/03/2012

* Apple hit by China Foxconn factory report

BBC News: “An independent investigation has found “significant issues” among working practices at Chinese plants making Apple iPhones and iPads. The US Fair Labor Association FLA was asked by Apple to investigate working conditions at Foxconn after reports of long hours and poor safety. The FLA says it has now secured agreements to reduce hours, protect pay, and improve staff representation.Apple said it “fully accepted” the reports recommendations. “We share the FLAs goal of improving lives and raising the bar for manufacturing companies everywhere,” it said in a statement.

The findings emerged as Apple CEO Tim Cook visited Foxconn facilities. Mr Cook toured Zhengzhou Technology Park, where 120,000 employees work, on Wednesday. A string of suicides at Foxconn last year put the spotlight on working conditions at its factories. Last month, the company announced it was to send independent inspectors from the FLA to audit the facilities.

The investigation – one of the largest ever conducted of a US companys operations abroad – found employees often worked more than 60 hours a week and sometimes for seven days running without the required day off. Other violations included unpaid overtime and health and safety risks. Average monthly salaries at the three factories ranged from $360 (£227) to $455 (£289).

Deutsch: Foxconn Logo

Deutsch: Foxconn Logo (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Foxconn raised salaries by up to 25% recently. The FLA said Foxconn had agreed to comply with the associations standards on working hours by July 2013, bringing them in line with a legal limit in China of 49 hours per week. The company will hire thousands more workers in order to compensate for the move, Reuters reports.

The BBC’s Adam Brookes in Washington says the report has been much anticipated as embodying a new and transparent approach to an old problem: that of cheap but popular consumer goods manufactured in poor conditions in developing countries. However, he says, a telling line in the report is the one which notes that the Foxconn workers did not have true trade union representation. The authorities in China are very wary of unions and are likely to remain so. Before the report was released, labour unions expressed doubts that the company was committed to improving standards. “The report will include new promises by Apple that stand to be just as empty as the ones made over the past 5 years,”

SumOfUS.org, a coalition of trade unions and consumer groups, said.Foxconn employs 1.2 million workers in China to produce products for Apple as well as Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, and other companies.”

via BBC News – Apple hit by China Foxconn factory report.

Good news: Foxconn workers to be treated fairly under Chinese labour laws. Bad news: having incvreased pay by 25% recently and now having to increase it further, China’s 1.2 million workers at Foxconn (a Taiwanese company) better be prepared for layoffs in the medium term as Foxconn turn to countries with cheaper labour; and there are plenty of these around. The latter follows the “law of unintended or contrary consequences.”

30/03/2012

* Senior leader underlines infrastructure building in Xinjiang

Maps of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Ch...

Maps of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China Español: Región autónoma de Xinjiang (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Xinhua: “Senior Chinese leader Zhou Yongkang on Thursday demanded infrastructure be improved in the western Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region through projects supported by central government.

Zhou, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China CPC Central Committee, urged authorities to give more support to the construction of major projects in the region, including irrigation systems, reservoirs, railways, electricity and natural gas schemes. Antiquated public facilities had created a major bottleneck constraining the regions development, Zhou said at a meeting attended by representatives from the National Development and Reform Commission, the central bank, and ministries of finance, railways, and water resources. These departments and a group of large state-owned enterprises and commercial banks have been tasked to assist the projects.

Three Uyghur girls at a Sunday market in the o...

Zhou called for more financial support and administrative coordination to push forward these projects, which he said will help enhance the regions capability of self-initiated development, ensure sound economic and social development, and create more jobs. The projects should benefit Xinjiang by improving people’s livelihoods, promoting ethnic solidarity and maintaining social stability, according to Zhou. He also demanded efforts to avoid illegal land use, prevent excessive exploitation of resources and protect the environment in Xinjiang.”

via Senior leader underlines infrastructure building in Xinjiang – Xinhua | English.news.cn.

30/03/2012

* China driving US exports

China Daily: “The United States exported more than $100 billion in goods and services to China in 2011 and 30 states now count the country as one of their top three export markets.That’s according to a report released by the Washington-based US-China Business Council on Wednesday.

Between 2000 and 2011, US exports to China rose by 542 percent – going from $16.2 billion in 2000 to a record $103.9 billion in 2011 – while its exports to the rest of the world only increased by 80 percent. After the recent recession, the US exports to China regained momentum faster than the country’s exports to any other place in the world, the council said.”The annual report said China is the third most common destination for US exports, just behind Canada and Mexico, which border the US and have a free-trade agreement with it.

“Exports to China are vital to America’s economic health and create good jobs for American workers,” said Erin Ennis, vice-president of the US-China Business Council, which represents about 240 American companies doing business in China. Wang Haifeng, director of international economics at the Institute for International Economic Research, a think tank under the National Development and Reform Commission, said the export figures reveal a great opportunity. “The fact that a record was set in US exports to China, which shows the great potential of US exports, not only reduces the trade imbalance between the top two economies but also alleviates unemployment in the US and speeds up the US economic recovery,” he said.

Related articles: China’s Surprising U.S. Buying Spree – Businessweek (businessweek.com)via China driving US exports|Economy|chinadaily.com.cn.

There are some Cassandra’s who are concerned that in the foreseeable future, military conflict between America and China is inevitable. My personal view is that as more and more bilateral trade between America and China builds up, the chance of war between them becomes less and less probable. The two countries are so interdependent that war between them would be tantamount to ‘civil war’. You might say that has happened in most countries sometime in their past. You will be right. So I’m not saying peace is inevitable or forever, only that war is not inevitable and less likely.

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