Archive for ‘Defence’

25/04/2013

* Xi Jinping orders generals and senior PLA officers to serve as privates

SCMP: “Chinese generals and senior officers will have to serve as the lowest-ranking soldiers for at least two weeks under a measure by President Xi Jinping to shake up the military and boost morale.

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Xi, as the nation’s commander-in-chief, issued the order over the weekend, which the Ministry of National Defence publicised on its website.

It dictates that officers with the rank of lieutenant-colonel or above must serve as privates – the lowest-ranking soldier – for not less than 15 days. Generals and officers will have to live, eat and serve with junior soldiers during the period.

They need to provide for themselves and pay for their own food. They must not accept any banquet invitation, join any sight-seeing tours, accept gifts or interfere with local affairs

“They need to provide for themselves and pay for their own food. They must not accept any banquet invitation, join any sight-seeing tours, accept gifts or interfere with local affairs,” said the directive, which covers both the People’s Liberation Army and the People’s Armed Police.

Leaders of regiment- and brigade-level units have to serve on the front line once every three years. Division- and army-level commanders must serve once every four years. Top leaders from army headquarters and military districts will do so once every five years.

The measure recalls a similar shake-up launched by Mao Zedong in 1958. Mao at the time famously said all military leaders should serve as foot soldiers for a month every year.

He used the chance to strengthen his control of the military and forced many powerful marshals and generals into retirement or exile.”

via Xi Jinping orders generals and senior PLA officers to serve as privates | South China Morning Post.

24/04/2013

* Ladakh incursion: India and China face-off at the ‘Gate of Hell’

China’s only unresolved land border!

16/04/2013

* China issues white paper on national defense

China Daily: “China on Tuesday issued a white paper on national defense elaborating its new security concept and peacetime employment of armed forces.

Members of the People's Liberation Army guard of honour, 15 April 2013

The document, the eighth of its kind issued by the Chinese government since 1998, says China advocates a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, and pursues comprehensive security, common security and cooperative security.

“China will never seek hegemony or behave in a hegemonic manner, nor will it engage in military expansion,” the white paper says.

According to the document, China will build a strong national defense and powerful armed forces which are “commensurate with China’s international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests.”

The paper warns that China still faces multiple and complicated security threats and challenges.

The issues of subsistence and development security and traditional and non-traditional threats to security are interwoven, the document says.

“Therefore China has an arduous task to safeguard its national unification, territorial integrity and development interests,” it says.

The paper elaborates on the country’s diversified employment of the armed forces in peaceful times, saying that it responds to China’s core security needs and aims to maintain peace, contain crises and win wars.

Chinese armed forces are employed to safeguard borders, coastal and territorial air security and they will strengthen combat-readiness and combat-oriented exercises and drills, it says.

And they will readily respond to and resolutely deter any provocative action which undermines China’s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity.

Transparency move

In this paper, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) for the first time reveals the actual number of army, navy and air force servicemen, designations of its army combined corps and the main missile lineup.

China now has about 850,000 army servicemen in 18 combined corps and additional independent combined operational divisions (brigades), according to the paper.

The combined corps, composed of divisions and brigades, are respectively under seven military area commands.

Currently, the PLA Navy has a total strength of 235,000 officers and men, and commands three fleets — the Beihai Fleet, the Donghai Fleet and the Nanhai Fleet.

The PLA Air Force now has about 398,000 officers and men and an air command in each of the seven military area commands of Shenyang, Beijing, Lanzhou, Jinan, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Chengdu. In addition, it boasts one airborne corps.

The PLA Second Artillery Force, the country’s core force for strategic deterrence, is composed of nuclear and conventional missile forces and operational support units, according to the paper.

It is equipped with a series of “Dong Feng”  ballistic missiles and  “Chang Jian” cruise missiles.

It also has under its command missile bases, training bases, specialized support units, academies and research institutions.”

via China issues white paper on national defense |Politics |chinadaily.com.cn.

10/04/2013

* Antony warns Army against threats from China, Pakistan

Times of India: “India’s deep unease over China’s growing military might and assertiveness as well as intransigence about the boundary dispute resonated at a military brass conclave on Monday, with defence minister AK Antony also underlining the threat posed by the expansive nexus forged between Beijing and Islamabad.

Português: Nova Délhi (Índia) - Desfile do Dia...

Português: Nova Délhi (Índia) – Desfile do Dia da República, na Rajpath. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

China’s approach to India on the long-standing boundary dispute and other issues, even after the recent leadership change in Beijing, “is not likely to change” in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Indian armed forces need to “constantly develop” their capabilities to achieve “minimum credible deterrence” against China, said Antony.

The minister, addressing the closed-door Army commanders’ conference, did point out the government was trying to resolve issues with China in a “peaceful” manner, and also cited the new bilateral boundary management mechanism as “a positive development”.

But Antony also stressed it was crucial to modernize the armed forces to counter China’s “military assertiveness”, including its massive development of military infrastructure along the 4,057-km Line of Actual Control (LAC) as well as in other neighbouring countries, like the Gilgit-Baltistan areas of Pakistan, said MoD sources.

India has belatedly taken some steps to strategically counter China but much more needs to be done at a rapid clip. While IAF is now progressively basing Sukhoi-30MKI fighters in the north-east and the Navy is bolstering force-levels on the eastern seaboard, the Army’s Rs 81,000-crore plan to raise a new mountain strike corps with associated structures is yet to take off.”

via Antony warns Army against threats from China, Pakistan – The Times of India.

18/03/2013

* Taiwan to aim missiles at China

News.com.au: “TAIWAN is set to produce 50 medium-range missiles next year that will target military bases in southeast China, a media report says.

Taiwan Missiles

The article on Monday came after former defence minister Michael Tsai revealed in a recently published book that the island successfully created medium-range guided missiles that could be used against rival China back in 2008.

The “Yun Feng” (Cloud Peak) missile has been developed by the state-run Chung-shan Institute of Science and Technology and each has a range of over 1,000 kilometres, said the Taipei-based China Times, citing unnamed military sources.

The missiles will be deployed in the mountains in central Taiwan from next year to aim at military targets, including airports and missile bases, along China’s southeastern coast, the report said.

Taiwan has been researching missiles of this type to counter threats from China after it fired missiles near the island in 1996, according to the report.

It added that the “Yun Feng” project was developed with the help of an unidentified European country.

The defence ministry declined to comment on Monday’s report but it has condemned Tsai’s revelations, saying they could endanger national security.

Taiwanese experts estimate China’s People’s Liberation Army currently has more than 1,600 missiles aimed at the island.

Tensions with China have eased since Ma Ying-jeou became Taiwan’s president in 2008 on a Beijing-friendly platform.

However, China still refuses to renounce the possible use of force against the island in its long-stated goal of re-taking Taiwan, which has ruled itself since the end of a civil war in 1949.

via Taiwan to aim missiles at China | News.com.au.

10/03/2013

* China to buy super quiet Russian submarines to counter US aircraft carrier

China Daily Mail: “According to Russian Foreign TV News Net’s report on March 5, Japan’s Mainichi Shimbun believed the Taiwan military’s allegation that Mainland China has entered into a contract with Russia on the purchase of Amur-class (the export version of Lada-class) diesel-electric submarines.

Kilo Class Submarine

It is a part of China’s plan to achieve modernisation of its troops and build up a marine superpower and aims at countering US aircraft carriers and preventing them from interfering with Taiwan affairs.

Japan’s Mainichi Shimbun pointed out: the Russian Lada-class submarine is an upgraded version of the Kilo-class ones, which are well-known for their extremely low noise. China will import four export-version Lada-class submarines, of which two will be build in Russia while the other two, in China. It is expected that a submarine supply agreement that really meets the requirements will not be concluded for two to three years.

Having been certain that China-made Type 041 Yuan-class submarines generate too loud a noise, China has decided to order Russia’s new-type submarines. It is said that in 2004, China successfully developed its Yuan-class submarines on the basis of imported technology of Kilo-class submarine and has vigorously used such submarines in its military drills over the past 5 years. However, due to relatively loud noise, the submarines have been discovered and recorded by US military’s SONAR and radar system.

The Japanese media believed: China is drafting a strategy to protect the nation and prevent enemy invasion across the first island chain, including the Japanese Archipelago, Taiwan and the Philippines. For that purpose, China plans to use guided missiles and submarines. In case of potential emergence of conflict in the Taiwan Strait, under specific circumstances, China could prevent the US from interfering with China’s internal affairs.

Taiwan’s military is worried that China’s import of new-type submarines from Russia will bring more trouble to US aircraft carriers in the Taiwan Strait area. China already has 60 submarines. In addition to the Kilo-class submarines imported from Russia from 1994 to 2002, China has its first batch of China-made Song-class submarines developed by China on its own. Most of the Kilo-class submarines and similar submarines developed by China on its own are deployed in the East China Sea Navy’s base in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It is expected that the Amur-class submarines imported from Russia will also be deployed there.”

Sources: mil.huanqiu.com “China is said to buy super quiet upgraded version of Kilo-class submarines to counter US aircraft carriers” (translated by Chan Kai Yee)

via China to buy super quiet Russian submarines to counter US aircraft carrier | China Daily Mail.

06/02/2013

* India concerned by China role in Pakistan port

Reuters: “China’s role in operating a strategically important port in Pakistan is a matter of concern for India, its defense minister said on Wednesday, as New Delhi and Beijing jostle for influence in the region.

India's Defence Minister A.K. Antony waits to speak at a plenary session of the 11th International Institute of Strategic Studies (IISS) Asia Security Summit: The Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore in this file photo taken June 2, 2012. REUTERS/Tim Chong

Indian policy-makers have long been wary of a string of strategically located ports being built by Chinese companies in its neighborhood, as India beefs up its military clout to compete with its Asian rival.

Management of Gwadar port, around 600 km (370 miles) from Karachi and close to Pakistan’s border with Iran, was handed over to state-run Chinese Overseas Port Holdings last week after previously being managed by Singapore’s PSA International.

“It is a matter of concern to us,” Indian Defense Minister A.K. Antony told reporters when asked about Chinese control of the port.

When complete, the port, which is close to the Strait of Hormuz, a key oil shipping lane, is seen opening up an energy and trade corridor from the Gulf, across Pakistan to western China, and could be used by the Chinese Navy, analysts say.

“It will enable (China) to deploy military capability in the region,” said Jay Ranade, of the Centre for Air Power Studies and a former additional secretary at the government of India. “Having control of Gwadar, China is basically getting an entry into the Arabian Sea and the Gulf.”

China has also funded ports in Hambantota, Sri Lanka, and Chittagong in Bangladesh, both India’s neighbors.

“Gwadar is a more serious development than the others,” Ranade said, as the Pakistani port gives China base facilities.”

via India concerned by China role in Pakistan port | Reuters.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/political-factors/geopolitics-chinese/

17/01/2013

* U.S., Japan review defense guidelines amid tension with China

We hope that this revision does not fall onto the ‘Law of Unintended Consequences‘ and exacerbates rather than alleviates the current high tensions.

Reuters: “The United States and Japan began on Thursday the revision of defense cooperation guidelines for the first time in 15 years as Prime Minister Shinzo Abe faces a territorial dispute with China and North Korea’s missile and nuclear programmes.

Shinzo Abe

The revision to the guidelines, which set rules on how Japanese and U.S. forces work together in or near Japan, comes after a hawkish Abe led his Liberal Democratic Party to power in an election last month.

“We would like to discuss Japanese Self Defence Forces‘ role and U.S. forces role with eyes on the next five, 10, 15 years and on the security environment during those periods,” a Defence Ministry official told reporters, without elaborating.

The revision is due because of drastic changes in the security environment over the past 15 years including China’s maritime expansion and North Korea’s missile development, the Japanese government has said.

North Korea has also twice tested nuclear devices.

Japan is locked in a territorial dispute with China over a group of tiny East China Sea islets called Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China, with both countries sending patrol ships and planes to areas near the isles.

The review started with a working-level meeting in Tokyo between U.S. and Japanese officials. It will likely take a year or more to complete and coincides with a U.S. “pivot” in diplomatic and security focus to Asia.

“One issue that’s prevalent is whether the Abe government will reinterpret the constitution to exercise the right of collective self defence,” said Nicholas Szechenyi, senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.

“Should that policy decision be taken, it will obviously have an impact on the way the Self Defence Forces and U.S. military coordinate.”

Japan recognizes it has what is known as the right of collective self-defence, meaning a right to defend with force allies under attack even when Japan itself is not being attacked.

But Japanese governments have traditionally interpreted the pacifist constitution as banning the actual exercise of the right, creating a sore spot in Tokyo’s security ties with Washington. Abe wants to change the interpretation to allow Japan to exercise the right.

via U.S., Japan review defense guidelines amid tension with China | Reuters.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/2012/08/12/beijing-reasserts-its-claims-in-south-china-sea-nytimes-com/

16/01/2013

* Vietnam, US boost defence ties

US takes opportunity to counter-balance Chinese military power in SE Asia.

ANN: “The third Vietnam-US Defence Policy Dialogue at deputy ministerial level took place in Hanoi last week.

Vietnam’s Deputy Minister of Defence Lieutenant General Nguyen Chi Vinh

During the meeting, the two sides focused on ideas and information about issues related to defence cooperation and bilateral ties between Vietnam and the US and exchanged information about security matters in the Asia-Pacific region and the world.

The two sides reviewed their achievements in the five areas which were stated in the MoU on defence cooperation, signed by the two ministries in September 2011.

They agreed that new developments had been made in cooperation in several areas, including the missing-in-action mission; defusing bombs, mines and explosives left by the war; cleaning up dioxin pollution.

The two delegations also discussed cooperation in human resources training, UN peace-keeping missions, military medicine, natural disaster relief and search and rescue.

The delegates expressed their hope that defence cooperation between Vietnam and the US would contribute to enhancing bilateral ties between the two countries, aiming at peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific.

The Vietnamese delegation was led by Senior Lieutenant General Nguyen Chi Vinh, while Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defence for South and Southeast Asia Vikram J. Singh headed the US delegation.”

via Vietnam, US boost defence ties – ANN.

14/01/2013

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