Archive for ‘science and technology’

30/05/2020

US-China tensions set to worsen as moderates lose out to hardliners, observers say

  • Chinese groups calling for more ‘fighting spirit’ are getting the upper hand on those who favour calm and cooperation, government adviser says
  • From Hong Kong to Covid-19, trade to the South China Sea, Beijing and Washington are clashing on a growing number of fronts and in an increasingly aggressive way
Efforts to promote dialogue and cooperation between the US and China are failing, observers say. Photo: AFP
Efforts to promote dialogue and cooperation between the US and China are failing, observers say. Photo: AFP
Moderates who favour dialogue and cooperation as a way to resolve China’s disputes with the United States are losing ground to hardline groups bent on taking the fight to Washington, according to political insiders and observers.
“There are two camps in China,” said a former state official who now serves as a government adviser and asked not to be named.
“One is stressing the combat spirit, the other is trying to relieve tensions. And the former has the upper hand.”
Relations between China and the US are under intense pressure. After Beijing moved to introduce a national security law for Hong Kong, US President Donald Trump said on Friday that Washington would begin eliminating the special policy exemptions it grants the city, as it no longer considers it autonomous from mainland China.
Beijing’s decision to enact a national security law for Hong Kong was met with anger from the US and other Western countries. Photo: Sam Tsang
Beijing’s decision to enact a national security law for Hong Kong was met with anger from the US and other Western countries. Photo: Sam Tsang
The two nations have also clashed over trade, Xinjiang, Taiwan and the South China Sea, with the US passing several acts denouncing Beijing and sanctioning Chinese officials.
China has also experienced turbulence in its relations with other countries, including Australia and members of the European Union, mostly related to the Covid-19 pandemic
 and Beijing’s efforts to position itself as a leader in the fight against the disease with its policy of “mask diplomacy”.

After Canberra appealed for an independent investigation to be carried out to determine the origins of the coronavirus, Beijing responded by imposing tariffs on imports of Australian barley, showing it is prepared to do more than just trade insults and accusations with its adversaries.

Pang Zhongying, a professor of international relations at Ocean University of China in Qingdao, said there was a worrying trend in China’s relations with other nations.

“We need political and diplomatic means to resolve the challenges we are facing, but … diplomatic methods have become undiplomatic,” he said.

“There are some who believe that problems can be solved through tough gestures, but this will never work. Without diplomacy, problems become confrontations.”

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi

said during his annual press conference on the sidelines of the National People’s Congress last weekend that China and the United States must work together to prevent a new Cold War.

His words were echoed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, who said during a press conference after the closure of the legislative session on Thursday that the many challenges facing the China-US relations could only be resolved through cooperation.

However, the government adviser said there was often quite a chasm between what China’s leaders said and what happened in reality.

“Even though we say we do not want a Cold War, what is happening at the working level seems to be different.” he said. “The implementation of policies is not properly coordinated and often chaotic.”

Tensions between China and the US have been in a poor state since the start of a trade war almost two years ago. After multiple rounds of negotiations, the sides in January signed a phase one deal, but the positivity that created was short-lived.

In February, Beijing expelled three reporters from The Wall Street Journal over an article it deemed racist, while Washington has ramped up its military activity in the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait, and threatened to revoke the visas of Chinese students studying science and technology in the US over concerns they might be engaged in espionage.

Beijing has also used its state media and army of “Wolf Warrior” diplomats to promote its narrative, though many Chinese scholars and foreign policy advisers have said the latter’s nationalistic fervour has done more harm than good and appealed to Beijing to adopt a more conciliatory tone.
However, Hu Xijin, editor-in-chief of Chinese tabloid Global Times, said China had no option but to stare down the US, which regarded the world’s most populous nation as its main rival.
“Being contained by the US is too high a price for China to pay,” he said. “I think the best thing people can do is forget the old days of China-US ties”.

Jin Canrong, a professor of international relations at Renmin University in Beijing, wrote in a recent newspaper article that Beijing’s actions – notably enacting a national security law for Hong Kong – showed it was uncompromising and ready to stand its ground against the US.

Wu Xinbo, dean of international studies at Fudan University in Shanghai, agreed, saying relations between the two countries were likely to worsen in the run-up to the US presidential election in November and that Beijing should be prepared for a fight.

But Adam Ni, director of China Policy Centre, a think tank in Canberra, said the issue was not that the moderate camp had been sidelined, but rather Beijing’s perception of the US had changed.

“Beijing has woken up to the idea that America’s tough policy on China will continue and it is expecting an escalation of the tensions,” he said.

“The centre of gravity in terms of Beijing’s perception of the US has shifted, in the same way the US perception of China has shifted towards a more negative image”.

Beijing was simply responding in kind to the hardline, assertive manner of the US, he said.

Source: SCMP

29/05/2020

Xi Focus: Xi replies to letter from scientific, technological workers

BEIJING, May 29 (Xinhua) — President Xi Jinping on Friday encouraged scientific and technological workers across China to make new and greater contributions to building China into a global power in science and technology.

Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks in replying to a letter by 25 representatives of sci-tech workers. He also called for efforts to achieve breakthroughs in key and core technologies.

Xi extended greetings to sci-tech workers across the country ahead of China’s fourth national sci-tech workers’ day, which falls on May 30.

A vast number of sci-tech workers have dedicated themselves to serving the country through their innovative thinking and practices, Xi noted.

He pointed out that innovation is the primary driving force for development, and science and technologies are powerful tools to overcome difficulties.

Facing the sudden COVID-19 outbreak, sci-tech workers have risen up to challenges and worked day and night on the clinical treatment, vaccine research and development, material support as well as big data application, providing sci-tech support against the epidemic, Xi said.

Xi hoped that sci-tech workers across the country strive to resolve problems with key and core technologies, promote the in-depth integration of application, education and scientific research, reach the peak of science and technology and make new and greater contributions to building China into a global power in science and technology.

In November 2016, the State Council, China’s cabinet, set down May 30 as the national sci-tech workers’ day.

Recently, 25 representatives of sci-tech workers, including agronomist Yuan Longping, respiratory specialist Zhong Nanshan and space expert Ye Peijian, wrote to Xi to express their determination to make contributions in the new era of innovation and entrepreneurship.

Source: Xinhua

29/03/2020

China-initiated int’l energy organization promotes green power alternatives

BEIJING, March 28 (Xinhua) — Clean energy is becoming the mainstream of global energy supply and interconnection is the mainstream of energy allocation, according to the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO).

Over the years, China is active in clean energy development and power grid interconnection with neighboring countries, and has achieved significant breakthroughs in UHV grids, smart grids, and clean energy, GEIDCO spokesperson told a press conference via live stream on Friday.

GEIDCO remains committed to promoting the energy interconnection to meet global power demand with clean and green alternatives, making idea dissemination, planning and research, international cooperation and project promotion the focus of its work, said the spokesperson.

The 2020 Global Energy Interconnection & China-Asia Energy and Power Conference is expected to be held in Beijing in November to discuss and strengthen cooperation on sustainable development in the energy industry.

Founded in March 2016, GEIDCO so far had 860 members from 115 countries, covering fields including energy, electricity, information, finance, consultation, science and technology, and environmental protection.

The global energy interconnection is a platform that connects grids around the world to facilitate development, deployment and utilization of clean energy, with ultra-high voltage transmission as the backbone.

Source: Xinhua

29/10/2019

Chinese Premier’s trip to Uzbekistan, Thailand to cement ties, all-round cooperation among SCO, East Asia

BEIJING, Oct. 28 (Xinhua) — Premier Li Keqiang’s upcoming trip to Uzbekistan and Thailand is of great importance to cementing cooperation among both SCO members and East Asian states, as well as solidifying Chinese relations with Uzbekistan and Thailand, senior officials said at a press briefing Monday.

Premier Li is scheduled to attend the 18th meeting of the Council of Heads of Government (Prime Ministers) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in the Uzbek capital Tashkent, pay an official visit to Uzbekistan, and attend the 22nd China-ASEAN (10+1) leaders’ meeting, the 22nd ASEAN-China, Japan and Republic of Korea (10+3) leaders’ meeting and the 14th East Asia Summit (EAS) in the Thai capital Bangkok before paying an official visit to Thailand, from Nov. 1 to 5.

During the SCO heads of government meeting, Li will explain Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and share the successful construction experience of the People’s Republic of China in the past 70 years, according to Assistant Foreign Minister Chen Xiaodong.

“Li will exchange in-depth views with the leaders of the participating countries on enhancing solidarity and mutual trust among member states, building the Belt and Road Initiative and cooperation in such fields as economy and trade, industrial capacity, connectivity, finance, investment and people-to-people exchanges,” Chen said.

Noting it will be Li’s first official visit to Uzbekistan, Chen said the premier will exchange views with the Uzbek side on implementing the important consensus of the two heads of state, promoting the development of bilateral relations and international and regional issues of common concern. The two sides will sign a series of cooperation agreements covering economy and trade, investment, science and technology, customs and other fields.

Regarding the East Asian leaders’ meeting on cooperation, Chen said the premier will expound on China’s policy proposals for East Asian cooperation and propose more than 20 new initiatives for deepening cooperation under various mechanisms.

The East Asian leaders’ meeting this year will strengthen consensus, deepen cooperation, improve regional economic integration, promote regional common prosperity and development, and send out a positive signal of adhering to multilateralism and free trade, building an open world economy, according to Assistant Minister of Commerce Li Chenggang.

Calling Thailand a traditional friendly neighbor and important partner for the Belt and Road cooperation, Chen said Premier Li’s official visit to Thailand is the second visit by the premier in six years.

During the visit, the premier will exchange in-depth views with the leaders of the Thai side on bilateral relations and cooperation. The two sides will issue a joint press statement between the two governments and sign cooperation documents in such fields as technology and e-commerce.

Source: Xinhua

04/09/2019

Premier Li pledges greater support to research, innovation by young scientists

CHINA-BEIJING-LI KEQIANG-FORUM (CN)

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, presides over a forum on the work of National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars in Beijing, capital of China, Sept. 2, 2019. (Xinhua/Pang Xinglei)

BEIJING, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) — Chinese Premier Li Keqiang has pledged greater government support to help create a more favorable and freer environment for young scientists to explore and innovate.

He said the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars will play a bigger role in financially supporting the researchers to be dedicated to basic research and innovation.

Li made the remarks at a forum on the work of the fund, which was held on Monday. He also visited an exhibition of scientific research achievements in the fields of astrophysics, new material, new energy application, medicine and biology, thanks to the support of the fund.

He stressed the need to reinforce basic research in an effort to lay a solid foundation for China’s innovation-driven development.

Governments at all levels should lend long-term and stable support to basic research, and enterprises will also be encouraged to increase investment into basic research, he said.

“We should continue to streamline administrative approvals, delegate power to lower levels and improve regulations and services in the field of science and technology to further reduce constraints,” he said.

The premier also required the further improvement of the management and evaluation of scientific research projects as well as the income distribution system for researchers.

He suggested the fund be used as a national “venture capital fund,” which will not only promote innovation but also be tolerant to failures, so that more scientific and technological personnel, especially young talent, will be encouraged to venture into “no man’s land” to achieve more breakthroughs.

Source: Xinhua

21/02/2019

Xi meets Chang’e-4 mission representatives

CHINA-BEIJING-XI JINPING-CHANG'E-4 MISSION-REPRESENTATIVES-MEETING (CN)

Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivers a speech as he meets representatives of space scientists and engineers who participated in the research and development of the Chang’e-4 mission at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 20, 2019. (Xinhua/Ju Peng)

BEIJING, Feb. 20 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping met representatives of space scientists and engineers who participated in the research and development of the Chang’e-4 mission at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing Wednesday afternoon.

Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, noted that there is no end for space exploration.

Xi called on science and technology workers and space engineers in China to ride on the wave of the Chang’e-4 mission to achieve the general goal of China’s lunar project, make more efforts to push forward the international aerospace cause and bring more Chinese wisdom, solutions and force to the peaceful use of space and the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.

Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng also attended the meeting.

Xi shook hands with the scientists and engineers, inquired about their work and life and took pictures with them.

In a speech addressing the meeting, Xi first extended his sincere regards to all those who have made historic contributions to the country’s space undertakings and expressed warm congratulations to all those who have contributed to the Chang’e-4 mission eminently.

“Your outstanding feats achieved in mounting the science and technology peak and exploring the universe’s mysteries have set a model for the whole Party, the whole armed forces and people of all ethnic groups in China to strive for a new era and start a new journey, for which our country and people thank you,” Xi said.

“Five years ago, we celebrated the success of the Chang’e-3 mission. Five years later, we are here to celebrate the success of the Chang’e-4 mission,” he said.

He pointed out that the Chang’e-4 mission, by adhering to independent, collaborative and open innovations, has realized the first-ever patrol and exploration on the far side of the moon by a human spacecraft and engraved Chinese “footprints” there for the first time.

“It is another vivid practice of exploring to establish a new institution that can pool the resources of the whole country,” Xi said.

“Experience tells us that great undertakings begin with dreams, and dreams are the source of vitality. China is a nation that pursues dreams bravely. The CPC Central Committee’s decision to implement the lunar exploration project is to pursue the nation’s unyielding dream of flying into the sky and reaching for the moon,” he noted.

Each bold idea and its successful implementation in lunar exploration is a full demonstration of the human capacity to gain knowledge of and utilize a celestial body, he said.

“In the journey of building a great modern socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, every industry and every person should dream and strive courageously and fulfill their dreams with arduous and continuous efforts, step by step and baton by baton just like in a relay race,” he emphasized.

“Experience tells us that great undertakings are based on innovation, and innovation determines the future. It won’t be a smooth path to build a leading nation in science and technology, and only innovation can help gain advantages,” he said.

“The mission has made multiple innovations come true and filled a series of international and domestic gaps, which has fully displayed the innovative spirit just as making the first move in chess or taking the initiative in battle,” he added.

China should have a grasp of the general trend of the science and technology development in the world, foster respect for science and focus on strategic, basic and pioneering sectors, said Xi.

China should shore up its weakness in certain areas, keep pace with the leaders in some areas, and strive to lead in other areas, aim for significant breakthroughs in core and key technologies, improve the overall efficiency of the national innovation system, boost science and technology strength and innovation ability, in a bid to earn itself a spot in the global hi-tech sector, he said.

“Experience tells us that great undertakings succeed in solid work,” Xi noted. He said China need to encourage more prominent scientists, leading talent, young scientists and innovation teams to lead the trend and work hard to realize the value of life by contributing to the nation’s great undertakings.

Xi pointed out that exploring the vast universe is a common dream of all humankind. China has been actively advancing international space cooperation and carried out productive cooperation with multiple countries and international organizations. The complete success of the Chang’e-4 mission, for instance, includes contributions of many countries.

China is willing to work with countries around the world and follow the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, so as to deepen the international exchanges on basic scientific research, boost big science projects and step up opening-up and cooperation to enhance innovation ability and push forward the development of science.

The Chang’e-4 mission had two launches. The relay satellite, named Queqiao, meaning Magpie Bridge, was launched on May 21, 2018. The Chang’e-4 probe, launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China on Dec. 8, 2018, touched down on the far side of the moon on Jan. 3.

Scientific research involving multiple countries and international organizations has been carried out.

The complete success of Chang’e-4 mission marks the first-ever international organizations, patrol and exploration on the far side of the moon by a spacecraft, the first communication link between Earth and the far side of the moon and the first footprints there in the history of lunar exploration, which unveils its mysteries and opens a new chapter in mankind’s exploration of the universe.

Source: Xinhua

13/12/2018

Winners decided for China’s 2018 national science and technology awards

BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) — China has decided the winners for the 2018 national science and technology awards at an executive meeting of the State Council presided by Premier Li Keqiang on Wednesday.

The list of winners and awards are yet to be released.

According to the meeting, the purpose of the awards is to inspire more domestic technicians, especially younger ones, to engage in the study of cutting-edge technologies, make breakthroughs in essential technologies, expand international cooperation and to have science and technology better serve and support economic development and the improvement of people’s livelihood.

A grand ceremony was held in Beijing in January, where 271 projects and nine scientists won the national prizes last year. There were also seven foreign scientists who won international science and technology cooperation awards.

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