Posts tagged ‘Brazil’

14/11/2012

* How China Has Blocked Vale’s Iron-Ore Megaships

From supportive partner to antagonistic rival?

WSJ: “Brazilian miner Vale SA has spent around $2 billion on a fleet of huge ships to carry its iron ore from Brazil to China. The problem: China won’t let them in.

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Chinese regulators have cited safety concerns over Valemax ships, as the cargo vessels are called. But analysts and industry observers point to a different reason: opposition from a Chinese shipping-industry group dominated by a state-owned company.

The Valemax fight offers a glimpse of one of the biggest battles China’s new leaders will face as they take the reins of the world’s No. 2 economy this week. Economists widely agree that to achieve sustainable growth, Beijing must open its doors to more competition and shake up state-controlled companies.

But the effort will face considerable challenges in a country where the line is blurred between state-owned enterprises and regulators.State-owned enterprises and their top regulator have pledged an overhaul but also have defended their role in the Chinese economy. “This is a special characteristic of China and critical to the development of a socialist economy,” said Wang Yong, director of the State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission.

State-owned enterprises dominate businesses including telecommunications and banking, leaving consumers with only three mobile-phone operators and lending dominated by state-controlled companies. In the energy sector, just a handful of domestic companies control exploration and production. Foreign car companies must form joint ventures with Chinese partners and share important technology.”

via How China Has Blocked Vale’s Iron-Ore Megaships – WSJ.com.

20/09/2012

* Foxconn to Build Fifth Brazil Plant

WSJ: “Contract manufacturer Foxconn Technology Group, which counts Apple Inc.  and Sony Corp.  as major customers, will build a fifth factory in Brazil, whose tax breaks and proximity to fast-growing markets are making it an attractive alternative to China.

Foxconn, the parent of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., first invested in Brazil, the largest country in Latin America, only last year. While founder Terry Gou had said earlier that China would remain the company’s major production base for the foreseeable future—80% of its workforce is there—analysts said rising labor costs and taxes have led companies like Foxconn to reassess growth opportunities there.

Taipei-based Foxconn said in a statement Wednesday it has earmarked one billion Brazilian reals (US$492 million) for the new facility in São Paulo, which will produce smartphones, tablets and other electronic devices. The plant will start operations in 2014 and reach full capacity in 2016, employing 10,000 workers, the company added.

It didn’t specify which customers the new factory will produce for.”

via Foxconn to Build Fifth Brazil Plant – WSJ.com.

Another sign that China’s gradual cost increases are enabling other developing countries to become more attractive for manufacturers.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/2012/09/20/china-worries-spur-mexico-stock-market-flows/

20/09/2012

* China worries spur Mexico stock market flows

Reuters: “Mexico has been on the wrong side of China’s economic boom for the last decade, but is now seeing an upturn in its fortunes as the Asian powerhouse’s economy slows and international stock pickers look to hedge their bets.

Fund managers are shifting the composition of their portfolios to protect themselves against further slowing in China. That is bad news for exporter Brazil, but good news for Mexico, which has low trade exposure to Asia and which is starting to claw back the export share and wage competitiveness it lost to China.

After China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, Brazil boomed due to a seemingly endless Chinese appetite for soybeans and iron ore, while Mexico’s manufacturers struggled to compete with cheap goods in their main U.S. market.

Brazil has grown almost twice as fast as Mexico in the last decade and overtook its northern rival as Latin America’s biggest economy in 2005, becoming a darling of investors.

But a recent soft patch in Brazil and a slowdown in China’s breakneck growth are prompting some investors to take another look at Mexico’s strong ties to the United States and the chances its new president will undertake major reforms that could push up growth.”

via Analysis: China worries spur Mexico stock market flows | Reuters.

Nothing ever stands still. At one time Japan was the destination of all new and high tech; then came South Korea’s turn; soon followed by China. But the laws of physics say that everything seeks equilibrium and the lowest common denominator (water seeks its own level). So as China’s minimum wages rise (by law – at 10 to 15% pa), other countries that appeared to be expensive are slowly becoming competitive. China, of course, will not stand still either; but will move up the value chain, as it has been doing steadily over the last 5 to 10 years.

30/05/2012

* China Buys Spanish Assets

WSJ: “A debt-laden Spanish construction firm became the latest European company to unload assets onto eager Chinese buyers, as Europes debt woes force firms to look to China for cash.

State Grid Corp., China’s government controlled power-grid operator, said Tuesday it would buy high-voltage electricity transmission assets in Brazil from Spain’s Actividades de Construccion y Servicios SA  for 1.86 billion reais ($938.2 million), including debt. The deal is State Grid’s second investment in Brazil and its fourth major investment overseas, and is the most recent in a string of deals in which a European company has looked to exit an investment amid financial troubles facing the region. ACSs standing has weaken because of its debts and the falling value of investments made during Spain’s boom years. Chairman Florentino Pérez, who is also the president of Spain’s soccer club Real Madrid CF, led ACS’s expansion when liquidity was abundant and Spain’s economy was booming on the back of a real-estate bubble that imploded about five years ago. As credit dried up, ACS began to cut down on debt by shedding assets. ACS currently has more than €9.33 billion ($11.70 billion) in debt, about a half of what it had a few years ago.

Other southern European companies have also been selling their crown jewels abroad to raise cash. Portugal, for example, is attracting significant investments from China because of its presence in former colonies that are resurfacing as high-growth markets, rich in natural resources. In December, fellow state-controlled power giant China Three Gorges Corp. won a 21% stake in EDP-Energias de Portugal SA— which has significant Brazil operations—with a €2.69 billion bid.

via China State Grid to Buy Brazilian Assets – WSJ.com.

Related posthttps://chindia-alert.org/2012/02/13/pattern-of-chinese-overseas-investments/

19/05/2012

* The world turned upside down: how workers are moving from PIIGS to BRICS

The Times: “The eurozone was dreamland for the formerly impoverished fringe of southern Europe. To share the same currency as the powerful Germans and French was a sure sign that the bad times — of dusty villages emptied of menfolk — were over. They bought German cars, borrowed money to build villas and said farewell to centuries of emigration.

BRICS counties. BRICS - Brazil, Russia, India,...

BRICS counties. BRICS – Brazil, Russia, India, People’s Republic of China, South Africa. Português: As Potências regionais. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Now, as dreamland turns to nightmare, young Portuguese, Spaniards and Greeks are on the move again, travelling in search of work and security to countries they had previously treated with contempt or indifference. People from the PIIGS — Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain — are heading for the BRICs — Brazil, India and China but not Russia — as the global turmoil creates a new trend: reverse migration.

The movement of peoples began in earnest at the outset of the financial crisis three years ago, as the strong-growth cultures became a magnet not only for European adventurers but for well-educated native-born emigrants returning home. The rapid unravelling of the PIIGS has, however, made this an act of desperation for many. Across the globe millions of people are on the move as who is rich, who is poor, who is up, who is down is defined anew. Remarkably, at least 10,000 Portuguese have left for Angola. …Angola was a Portuguese colony for three hundred years, a supplier of slaves to the mercantile class in the 17th century. Today it is Africa’s second-largest oil producer and while not exactly a BRIC — two thirds of its population live on £1.30 a day — it has an energy that has drained from its former colonial master.

Brazil has become a natural destination for the Portuguese — and the Spanish. In Madrid, a website, Pepas y Pepes, has been set up to guide would-be emigrants. Even its name is a sad echo, adapted from a famous Spanish film called ¡Vente a Alemania, Pepe! — Come to Germany, Pepe! — which was inspired by the exodus after the Spanish Civil War. … A Barcelona businessman, Jordi Camps, has set up a travel company in China, China a la Carta. “Here you can smell growth,” he says. “It is sad to hear the news from Spain.”

There are two trends unfolding in the world. The first is that many hundreds of thousands who emigrated from what was once called the developing world to Europe and the United States are now being drawn back by the resurgent economies of their homelands. … Nowadays it is an eerily quiet place with giant razor-wired pens all empty of Mexican illegals. Instead, as the US economy wobbles uncertainly, Mexicans are heading home for work. For the first time since the Great Depression more Mexicans are leaving the US than entering it — and most of them are finding jobs.

There is huge reverse migration, too, by overseas Chinese and Indians. Almost 135,000 Chinese students returned home in 2009-10 after finishing their education abroad, an increase of 24.7 per cent. Zhang Peizhuo, a 45-year-old chemical researcher who stayed in Britain for 12 years after graduating there, has now gone back to China, in part because of government incentives. “Huge growth potential and increasing government subsidies have made returning home to start a business an attractive option for many overseas Chinese,” he said.

According to the recruitment company Kelly Services India, as many as 300,000 Indian professionals are expected to return to their homeland in the next four years: “Hype or reality, people do believe that the BRICs are the future and that there are a lot more job opportunities in India than elsewhere.” …

via The world turned upside down: how workers are moving from PIIGS to BRICS | The Times.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/economic-factors/

13/03/2012

* China’s Q1 foreign trade with other BRICS nations surges

BRICS summit participants: Prime Minister of I...

Image via Wikipedia

Xinhua: “China’s top customs authority announced Friday that the country’s foreign trade with the other four BRICS nations surged by 45.8 percent to reach 59.9 billion U.S. dollars in the first quarter of this year.

The first-quarter foreign trade growth between China and the other four nations of BRICS (an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), was 16.3 percentage points higher than China’s average foreign trade growth during the period, China’s General Administration of Customs said in a statement on its website.

During the first three months, China’s imports from the other BRICS countries reached 33.05 billion U.S. dollars, up 57.2 percent year on year. Exports to those countries hit 26.85 billion yuan, up 33.8 percent. …

Q1 bilateral trade between China and India rose 25.2 percent to 17.63 billion U.S. dollars. Trade with Brazil surged 58.9 percent to 16.11 billion U.S dollars, while that with Russia rose 33.5 percent to 15.99 billion U.S. dollars. Bilateral trade between China and South Africa increased more than one fold to 10.16 billion U.S. dollars.”

via China’s Q1 foreign trade with other BRICS nations surges.

It used to be BRIC, since 2010 it has become BRICS to include South Africa. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRICS

Related Page: https://chindia-alert.org/economic-factors/

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