Posts tagged ‘economy’

07/09/2015

India ranks low on inclusive growth, development in WEF report – The Hindu

Ranked in the bottom half of the 38 countries that make up our lower middle income bracket. India has been ranked very low, mostly in the bottom half, globally on most of the parameters for inclusive growth and development even as it fares much better internationally when it come to business and political ethics. India’s overall place in the Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 rankings is 71 out of 144 countries.

Growth and Development Report is the first inclusive report ever by World Economic Forum that assess countries’ efforts to foster economic growth that raises the living standards of entire societies.In a first of its kind global rankings, across different groups of countries in terms of their per capita income levels, the World Economic Forum (WEF) found that most countries are in fact missing major opportunities to reduce income inequality and same is the case with India. WEF said that the new study, which was conducted over the past two years, seeks to identify the various ways policymakers can drive economic growth and equity at the same time and assesses them on their relative success in implementing these measures. “Our message is unequivocally that leaders must pursue economic strategies that are at the same time pro-growth and pro-labour,” said the Geneva-based think tank known for its economic conclaves held in different parts of the world including in Davos, Switzerland and in India. India has mostly been ranked in the bottom half of the 38 countries that make up our lower middle income bracket.

Particularly disappointing is its position in terms of Fiscal Transfers, where it ranks 37th out of 38. It also ranks very low at 32nd for Tax Code and 36th for social protection. WEF said that another area that policymakers in India would need to prioritise improvement would be ‘Asset building and entrepreneurship’, in particular the Small business ownership, where India ranks bottom among its peers at 38th place. However, India does demonstrate ‘leadership’ in some areas, WEF said, while naming areas like corruption and rent where it comes 8th.

For business and political ethics, India ranks 12th, while it ranks 11th on the Financial intermediation of real economy investment pillar, which suggests that money invested in the economy generally gets directed towards productive uses. WEF said its first Inclusive Growth and Development Report present a new framework for assessing countries’ efforts to foster economic growth that raises the living standards of entire societies. “Around the world, no bigger policy challenge preoccupies political leaders than expanding social participation in the process and benefits of economic growth,” WEF said while releasing the report that covers 112 economies.

Source: India ranks low on inclusive growth, development in WEF report – The Hindu

26/08/2015

The World Struggles to Adjust to China’s ‘New Normal’ – China Real Time Report – WSJ

China’s leaders have warned their people they need to accommodate a “new normal” of economic growth far slower than the rate that propelled the economy into the world’s second-largest in the past two decades. As WSJ’s James T. Areddy and Lingling Wei report:

Now, the rest of the world also needs to get used to the new normal: a China in the midst of a tectonic shift in its giant economy that is rattling markets world-wide.

The slowdown deepening this year is part of a bumpy transition away from an era when smokestack industries, huge exports and massive infrastructure spending—underpinned by trillions in state-backed debt—powered China’s seemingly unstoppable rise. Today, debt has swelled to more than twice the size of the economy, and some of those industries, such as construction and steel, are reeling.

Instead of them, China is pushing services, consumer spending and private entrepreneurship as new drivers of growth that rely less on debt and more on the stock market for funding.

via The World Struggles to Adjust to China’s ‘New Normal’ – China Real Time Report – WSJ.

03/02/2015

Shanghai’s economy: GDP apostasy | The Economist

IN AN officially atheist country, one form of worship actively encouraged by the Chinese government has been devotion to GDP. From village chiefs to national leaders, presiding over fast economic growth has been the surest path to career success. Targets for GDP have formed the centrepiece of annual budgets, with officials convinced that failure to achieve them would lead to soaring unemployment and even chaos. Officials fiddle the numbers—massaging them up when growth is too slow and down when it is too fast—but basic faith in GDP as the most powerful expression of their aims and accomplishments has been unwavering.

So the break with tradition was something akin to Vatican II, when on January 25th the Shanghai government announced its policy plans for 2015 and chose to omit a GDP target. While Yang Xiong, the mayor, pledged that the city would “maintain steady growth”, he gave no indication of what that might mean in numbers. In recent years China’s 31 provinces and mega-cities have steadily lowered their GDP targets as the economy has slowed. At least two-thirds missed their goals last year, a sign that such targets have become less important than in the past. But Shanghai is the first to dispense with a target altogether. The city’s Communist Party chief, Han Zheng, is a member of the ruling Politburo, so the omission was a powerful signal.

China’s leaders are still very keen on GDP. When growth slowed sharply early last year officials ramped up spending on infrastructure, a spending boost that helped the central government to come in just one-tenth of a percentage-point shy of its growth target of 7.5% last year. But leaders have been calling for more attention to economic quality rather than just quantity. They want to end an investment-heavy approach that has damaged the environment and led to a dangerous build-up of debt. Ending a fixation on GDP targets will be a great help.

With no such target to cling to, or to blush at when missed, Shanghai officials now have more scope to work on other things. Transforming the city’s free-trade zone, much hyped but little used, into a real testing ground for financial reforms, as was initially intended, is a priority. “Officials will feel less pressure to meet short-term investment objectives,” says Zhu Ning of the Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance. Mr Yang, the mayor, says Shanghai wants to create 500,000 new jobs this year. That will only be possible if the economy remains strong. But quite what level of GDP is needed to foster such job creation is uncertain, especially as labour-intensive services come to dominate the city’s economy. So it is sensible to follow the example of other countries and focus more on employment levels than GDP.

For China as a whole, it is too soon to expect an end to GDP targeting. It will remain an important policy tool for guiding and evaluating officials, especially in poorer parts of the country where faster growth is needed to narrow the gap with coastal cities. Tibet is shooting for 12% growth this year, the same target as it set, and achieved, in 2014. But Shanghai’s example proves that, even in the grand temple of China, the cult of GDP is losing adherents.

via Shanghai’s economy: GDP apostasy | The Economist.

15/01/2015

China to create $6.5 billion venture capital fund to support start-ups | Reuters

(Reuters) – China will set up a government venture capital fund worth 40 billion yuan (4 billion pounds) to support start-ups in emerging industries, in its latest move to support the private sector and foster innovation.

“The establishment of the state venture capital investment guidance fund, with the focus to support fledging start-ups in emerging industries, is a significant step for the combination of technology and the market, innovations and manufacturing,” China’s State Council, the cabinet, said in a statement.

“It will also help breed and foster sunrise industries for the future and promote (China’s) economy to evolve towards the medium and high ends,” it said in the statement published in the government’s website, http://www.gov.cn, referring to sectors which the government is promoting such as technology and green energy.

The government issued the statement after a meeting on Wednesday. It did not give a timetable, but past experience has shown that such a fund could be established within a few weeks after an announcement.

China’s venture capital market remains small, the legacy of the country’s decades of the planned economy in which private sector’s development is largely subject to a great variety of restrictions.

via China to create $6.5 billion venture capital fund to support start-ups | Reuters.

05/11/2014

Poetry of a Former Foxconn Worker in China Evokes Images of Factory Life – Businessweek

Before he took his life in late September, 24-year-old Xu Lizhi was a regular contributor of poetry to Foxconn People, the internal newspaper at his sprawling factory complex in Shenzhen. Only after he died did his writing find a wider audience, as factory friends collected his poems for publication in the Shenzhen News.

Safety netting posted around a building in Foxconn City in Shenzhen, China

Like millions of other young Chinese, Xu left his home in rural Guangdong province in 2010 to find work in the big city; he had been working intermittently on Foxconn (2317:TT)’s electronics assembly line for four years.

Following a series of 14 suicides in 2010, the Taiwanese manufacturing giant installed safety nets to prevent workers from jumping off dormitory roofs at its Shenzhen plant. It tried to improve life for its workers: The company raised basic wages and installed basketball courts and Olympic-size swimming pools for recreation. Worker suicides declined but did not disappear.

Xu’s poetry gives voice to the alienation he and many others of his generation feel on the assembly line: “I swallowed a moon made of iron/ They refer to it as a nail/ I swallowed this industrial sewage, these unemployment documents/ Youth stooped at machines die before their time/ I swallowed the hustle and the destitution/ Swallowed pedestrian bridges, life covered in rust / I can’t swallow any more/ All that I’ve swallowed is now gushing out of my throat/ Unfurling on the land of my ancestors/ Into a disgraceful poem.”

A frequent theme is how he felt the monotony of factory life sapping away “the last graveyard of our youth.” In one poem, Xu wrote: “With no time for expression, emotion crumbles into dust/ They have stomachs forged of iron/ Full of thick acid, sulfuric and nitric/ Industry captures their tears before they have the chance to fall.”

Xu also described the desolate conditions of his rented room: “A space of ten square meters/ Cramped and damp, no sunlight all year/ Here I eat, sleep, sh–, and think/ Cough, get headaches, grow old, get sick but still fail to die/ Under the dull yellow light again I stare blankly, chuckling like an idiot.”

via Poetry of a Former Foxconn Worker in China Evokes Images of Factory Life – Businessweek.

05/11/2014

China Service and Manufacturing Sectors Slowing, Reports Beijing – Businessweek

In another sign that China’s economy is downshifting, an index released on Monday showed China’s service sector growth slowing in October to a nine-month low. The bad news followed Saturday’s poor showing for manufacturing, which grew at its slowest pace in five months.

Manufacturing in China expanded at its slowest pace in five months

The service reading, issued by the National Bureau of Statistics and China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing in Beijing, fell to 53.8, from 54 in September. Manufacturing came in at 50.8, down from 51.1 the month before. (Above 50 shows expansion.) The economy “still faces some headwinds,” Beijing said in a statement on Saturday.

In October, China’s statistics bureau announced that gross domestic product grew 7.3 percent in the third quarter, its slowest pace since the global financial crisis. “The momentum looks weak,” warned Hua Changchun, a China economist at Nomura Holdings in Hong Kong, reported Bloomberg News on Nov. 3.

via China Service and Manufacturing Sectors Slowing, Reports Beijing – Businessweek.

05/11/2014

India’s Services Activity Stagnates in October – India Real Time – WSJ

India’s services sector stagnated in October following five months of expansion, but industry executives remain optimistic that activity will strengthen in the coming year as the economy steadily recovers.

The seasonally-adjusted Service Sector Business Activity Index fell to 50.0 from 51.6 in September, according to a HSBC HSBA.LN -0.57% index released Wednesday. A figure above 50 indicates expansion while one below points to a contraction.

Underpinning the stagnation was weaker new business growth. Orders received by service sector firms increased at the weakest pace since May, HSBC saHSBA.LN +1.01%id.

Some sectors such as post and telecommunications showed strength, but their performance was offset by contraction in others such as the hospitality sector, HSBC added.

“On the positive side, business confidence rose to the strongest in three months, with the hospitality sector being most upbeat about the outlook,” HSBC joint head of Asian economic research Frederic Neumann said.

via India’s Services Activity Stagnates in October – India Real Time – WSJ.

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03/11/2014

Asset-Hungry Chinese Companies to Spend $120 Billion in Overseas Purchases This Year – Businessweek

Chinese money has been going overseas for years now, snapping up real estate, technology companies, and more than anything, oil and gas resources. But this year will be a turning point: For the first time, Chinese overseas investment will surpass foreign direct investment into China.

Chinese investment is poised to exceed $120 billion in 2014, up from $108 billion last year, predicts the Beijing-based Center for China & Globalization in a report released Wednesday. Foreign investment into China totaled $87.36 billion in the first nine months. It is expected to reach $120 billion this year.

“China’s sustainable growth and its ability to compete on the world stage hinge upon the speed at which it can foster its own powerful international companies,” said Long Yongtu, the chairman of the center, the China Daily reported today. “’Going out’ will provide a platform for Chinese companies to grow through participation in the global economy.”

via Asset-Hungry Chinese Companies to Spend $120 Billion in Overseas Purchases This Year – Businessweek.

03/11/2014

In China, Foreign Car Makers Find It Tough to Keep Buyers Happy – China Real Time Report – WSJ

Volkswagen VOW3.XE -0.44% and General Motors GM +2.01% make many of China’s bestselling cars. But a survey of new-car purchasers suggests Chinese drivers aren’t always satisfied with what they drive off the lot.

The report, issued Friday by consulting firm J.D. Power, shows the German auto maker posted improvements for its locally made cars compared with a similar accounting a year ago. Still, it continued to rank relatively low for its locally produced cars compared with other foreign and domestic brands that drivers find acceptable. Chinese car buyers had few gripes with imported Volkswagens.

Meanwhile, models of GM’s Buick and Chevrolet didn’t appear on the list at all. That means both scored below average in the survey, J.D. Power said. A J.D. Power representative told China Real Time that Buick is showing signs of improvement compared to last year but Chevrolet remains flat.

In the market for high-end cars, Volkswagen’s Audi NSU.XE +0.62% brand also didn’t appear in the survey, meaning it performed below average but showed a marginal improvement over last year according to J.D. Power.

GM’s Cadillac also ranked below average, but is showing signs of improvement compared to last year, the J.D. Power representative said.

A spokeswoman for Volkswagen in China said the company does not comment on survey results. GM could not be reached immediately for comment.

“Audi stands for quality, which is proven by our customers’ direct feedback to us and their continued loyalty,” said Martin Kuehl, Audi’s spokesman in China.

The survey underscores the challenges of satisfying Chinese car buyers. Many of them are first-time buyers with high hopes for their new wheels, and who auto makers want to service when they go looking for their second car.

Mei Songlin of J.D Power says the performance may be explained in part by the perceptions of Chinese consumers, who widely believe foreign cars to be of higher quality. “Their expectations are sometimes too high and when they encounter any issue they can’t accept it,” he says.

For VW, the report comes amid increasing scrutiny in China. Last week the German auto maker’s China chief, took to the media to convince Chinese consumers its Sagitar brand was safe. That followed a recall of more than half a million VW cars in China, including Sagitars, for problems related to rear axles.

In an interview in September, GM’s China head, Matt Tsien, said quality was is one of the top priorities for the company. “We’re proud of the quality of the products that we offer. We have, year on year, continued to improve our quality and will continue to do so going forward,” he said.

The survey was based on evaluations by more than 21,000 owners of cars bought between October last year and June and was conducted in more than 50 cities throughout China between April and August.

via In China, Foreign Car Makers Find It Tough to Keep Buyers Happy – China Real Time Report – WSJ.

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03/11/2014

Wanted: 500,000 pilots for China aviation gold rush | Reuters

China’s national civil aviation authority says the country will need to train about half a million civilian pilots by 2035, up from just a few thousand now, as wannabe flyers chase dreams of landing lucrative jobs at new air service operators.

Guests walk next to aircraft during the Asian Business Aviation Conference and Exhibition (ABACE) at Hongqiao International Airport in Shanghai in this April 15, 2014 file photograph. REUTERS/Carlos Barria/Files

The aviation boom comes as China allows private planes to fly below 1,000 meters from next year without military approval, seeking to boost its transport infrastructure. Commercial airlines aren’t affected, but more than 200 new firms have applied for general aviation operating licenses, while China’s high-rollers are also eager for permits to fly their own planes.

The civil aviation authority’s own training unit can only handle up to 100 students a year. With the rest of China’s 12 or so existing pilot schools bursting at the seams, foreign players are joining local firms in laying the groundwork for new courses that can run to hundreds of thousands of dollars per trainee.

“The first batch of students we enrolled in 2010 were mostly business owners interested in getting a private license,” said Sun Fengwei, deputy chief of the Civil Aviation Administration of China‘s (CAAC) pilot school. “But now more and more young people also want to learn flying so that they can get a job at general aviation companies.”

While uncertainties remain for what will be a brand new industry, firms are betting they can make money and trainee pilots are convinced they can land dream jobs. Among them is Zong Rui, a 28-year-old former soldier in the People’s Liberation Army from Shandong province in east China, attending a pilot school in Tianjin, an hour’s drive from Beijing.

“The salary is good for a general aviation pilot,” Zong told Reuters by telephone, preparing for a training session. Even without a job lined up, Zong is certain money he borrowed to learn how to fly will pay off: “I can easily pay back the 500,000 yuan ($81,750) tuition in two years, once I get a job.”

via Wanted: 500,000 pilots for China aviation gold rush | Reuters.

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