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05/08/2012

* Gorkhaland demand still alive

The Hindu: “Even as West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee assured the people of the Darjeeling hills that their demands would be met and urged them to refrain from getting into a conflict with the government, the spectre of a separate Gorkhaland loomed over the swearing-in of the elected and nominated representatives of the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration (GTA) Sabha here on Saturday.

Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) president Bimal Gurung addressed the gathering as the people of “Gorkhaland,” and said the newly-elected representatives would work to usher in development and peace for those who live in the “Gorkhaland region.” After they were sworn in, most of the members of GTA Sabha hailed “Jai Gorkhaland” from the podium. The GJM leadership used the word “Gorkhaland” repeatedly, but avoided mentioning the party’s earlier demand for a separate State. The GJM leadership has already stated that it isn’t giving up on its demand for a separate State.

The Darjeeling hills have been on the boil in recent years, with a series of agitations and bandhs called by the GJM. On July 18 last year, a tripartite treaty was signed among the Centre, the State government, and the GJM and it paved the way for the setting up of the GTA — a development for which Ms. Banerjee takes the credit, for “having restored peace to Darjeeling in three months” (since her government came to power). “The process that began on July 18 has reached its final conclusion with the swearing-in of all members of the GTA Sabha,” said Chief Secretary Samar Ghosh.”

via The Hindu : States / Other States : Gorkhaland demand still alive.

Indian ethnic minorities continue to demand separate states.

See also: ability of the Indian central government to continue to hold the country together

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04/08/2012

* Corruption’s Reach in India Spawns New Political Party

NY Times: “The anti-corruption activist Anna Hazare and his team said Friday that they plan to create a “political alternative” for India in the form of a new political party. While Mr. Hazare said he would not himself enter the general elections in 2014, he pledged to spend the next year and a half campaigning across the country.

Arvind Kejriwal, an activist widely believed to be the main strategist behind Mr. Hazare’s movement, said the party’s name and agenda are open to suggestions from the people.

“The movement against corruption will now take place both outside and inside Parliament,” he said in front of a crowd of thousands in New Delhi. He denounced India’s large parties, including the ruling Congress Party and the opposition Bhartiya Janata Party, calling them “corrupt.”

“It is a daring, adventurous move,” said Yogendra Yadav, a political analyst and one of the signatories of a letter encouraging Team Anna to take on the existing political establishment. But it’s not going to be easy, he said, given the scale and complexity of India’s parliamentary elections and the diversity of its electorate.

Transitioning from a single-issue movement to a political party, with positions on a broad spectrum of topics, from national security and terrorism to the economy, is likely to be a complicated process that may test the unity of the group, analysts said.

And there are few such precedents in independent India’s history. Movements in the past have successfully transformed themselves to enter the political mainstream, but they have been based on religion or ethnicity. Mayawati’s Bahujan Samaj Party, for instance, which governed India’s largest state of Uttar Pradesh for a full term of five years, started as a movement for the rights of India’s so-called “backward” classes.

It will be very tough for a non-regional, non-ethnic, non-caste group to replicate the success of Mayawati’s party with a policy issue like corruption, said E. Sridharan, a political analyst in Delhi. “Team Anna has a diffused constituency. They don’t have a ready-made, mobilizable base,” he said, attributing the movement’s rise to prominence to an urban population and a sympathetic media.”

via Corruption’s Reach in India Spawns New Political Party – NYTimes.com.

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03/08/2012

* Activists Trapped Between Government and Maoists

NY Times: “In one of India’s most violent internal conflicts, between Maoist rebels and government security forces, civil society activists appear to be collateral damage.

“Indian authorities and Maoist insurgents have threatened and attacked civil society activists, undermining basic freedoms and interfering with aid delivery in embattled areas of central and eastern India,” Human Rights Watch said in a report this week.

Through a broad swath of India, Maoist rebels, also known as Naxalites, have attempted to overthrow the government in an armed struggle that has its roots in a 1967 rural uprising. In the last two years, 1,611 people have died in a total of 3,968 incidents said to be related to the Maoist struggle.

As recently as last month, the police said they killed a group of Maoists in the dense forest of Chhattisgarh state, but civil rights activists demanded a judicial inquiry over what they called the slaughter of innocent tribal villagers.

The Human Rights Watch report said that grassroots activists who deliver development assistance and highlight abuses risk being targeted by security forces and Maoist insurgents.

“The police demand that they serve as informers, and those that refuse risk being accused of being Maoist supporters and subject to arbitrary arrest and torture,” the watchdog notes. “The authorities use sedition laws to curtail free speech and also concoct criminal cases to lock up critics of the government.”

The Maoists, on the other hand, frequently accuse activists of being informers and warn them against implementing government programs, according to the report.

“The Maoists have been particularly brutal towards those perceived to be government informers or “class enemies” and do not hesitate to punish them by shooting or beheading after a summary “trial” in a self-declared “people’s court” (jan adalat),” the report notes. It adds that this court in no way conforms to international standards.

The rights group said this report is based on more than 60 interviews with witnesses or those familiar with abuses in Orissa, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, from July 2011 to April this year.”

via Activists Trapped Between Government and Maoists – NYTimes.com.

See also: https://chindia-alert.org/prognosis/indian-challenges/

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03/08/2012

* China-Made Electronics Pour Into India

WSJ: “India is more concerned than ever about its yawning trade gap with China, as The Wall Street Journal detailed in a front-page story today.

But it isn’t just the volume of trade that’s at issue. It’s the mix.

While India exports mostly raw materials to its neighbor, China is selling more sophisticated manufactured goods – translating into better profit margins and higher paying jobs for workers. That disparity underscores India’s lack of manufacturing capabilities – and, for some national security hawks, it’s raising questions about whether India is too reliant on its rival for vital technologies.

One clear example of the trend is electronics. Overall electronics-related exports from China to India jumped from $2.8 billion to nearly $12 billion in the five years ending March 31, 2011. Computer hardware from laptops to accessories like USB dongles accounted for $1.5 billion in China’s exports.”

via China-Made Electronics Pour Into India – China Real Time Report – WSJ.

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02/08/2012

* India allows Pakistan investment

BBC News: “India has announced that it will allow investment from Pakistan in what is seen as a boost for bilateral economic ties.

The commerce ministry said a citizen or a company of Pakistan is permitted to make investments in India.

However, no such investments can be made in defence, space or atomic energy, the ministry said.

India and Pakistan resumed formal peace talks last year after they were broken off following the 2008 Mumbai attacks.

India blamed the attacks on Pakistan-based militants.

A commerce ministry release on Wednesday said all foreign direct investment proposals from Pakistan would need the clearance of the country’s Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB).

“It is a great decision… Now Pakistan should also implement the most favoured nation (MFN) trading status to India,” Rajiv Kumar of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) was quoted as saying by the state-run Doordarshan news channel.

Earlier this year, Pakistan indicated that it would offer India MFN trading status, which India has already extended to Pakistan.

The move is part of a pledge made last year to liberalise trade with India. Formal trade between the countries is worth $2.7bn a year, while informal trade, by way of smuggling, is believed to be three times that, experts say.”

via BBC News – India allows Pakistan investment.

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31/07/2012

* Powerless again: Northern, eastern grids fail

The Hindu: “The northern and eastern grids tripped on Tuesday, leading to power failure in several States of the country affecting hundreds of millions of people.

The northern grid collapsed for a second day on Tuesday afternoon, hours after the power supply was restored in the entire northern region following a disruption on Monday. The eastern transmission lines too failed on Tuesday afternoon, said officials at the Power Ministry and electricity companies.

Services in the national capital came to a grinding halt as power supply snapped around 1.30 p.m. The load fell to 40 MW and all of Delhi’s generation station stopped working, because of the cascading effect of the fault in the grid.

“We don’t have the details yet, but yes, there is a problem with the Grid again. Right now, the priority is to secure power supply for emergency services,” said a senior official of the Delhi Government’s Power Department.

On Monday, eight states attached to the Norther Region plunged into darkness after a grid collapse.

…

PTI adds:

Power supply was disrupted in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, West Bengal, Assam and Punjab, among other States.

“Yes, I’ve heard that the northern and eastern grids have failed. We are looking into the matter. We are inquiring,” Power Minister Sushilkumar Shinde said.

The power crisis led to immediate shutdown of Delhi Metro lines in the national capital, while a host of other services including railways were also affected.

“We are again having problems in northern grid,” K. Soonee, CEO of Power System Operating Co said.

Power Ministry officials said that eastern grid has also failed. The reasons for the grid failure were not immediately known.

While an almost 15-hour power crisis was seen in the northern part on Monday, the crisis on Tuesday reached the eastern region as well.”

via The Hindu : News / National : Powerless again: Northern, eastern grids fail.

Posted in Economics, Electricity, India alert | 1 Comment »

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31/07/2012

* Synopsis of “From the Ruins of Empire”

Synopsis from Penguin Books – http://www.penguin.com.au/products/9780241954676/ruins-empire-revolt-against-west-and-remaking-asia: 

“Viewed in the West as a time of self-confident progress, the Victorian period was experienced by Asians as a catastrophe. As the British gunned down the last heirs to the Mughal Empire, burned down the Summer Palace in Beijing, or humiliated the bankrupt rulers of the Ottoman Empire, it was clear that for Asia to recover a new way of thinking would be required.

Pankaj Mishra‘s fascinating, highly entertaining new book tells the story of a remarkable group of men from across the continent who met the challenge of the West. Incessantly travelling, questioning and agonising, they both hated the West and recognised that an Asian renaissance needed to be fuelled in part by engagement with the enemy. Through many setbacks and wrong turns, a powerful, contradictory and ultimately unstoppable series of ideas were created that now lie behind everything from the Chinese Communist Party to Al Qaeda, from Indian nationalism to the Muslim Brotherhood.

From the Ruins of Empire allows the reader to see the events of two centuries anew, through the eyes of these journalists, poets, radicals and charismatics, who created the ideas which in turn were to doom the new empires, and which lie behind the powerful Asian nations of the twenty-first century today.”

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30/07/2012

* Northern India hit by one of the worst power breakdowns

The Hindu: “In what was one of the worst power breakdowns in the country, the Northern Grid crashed early Monday morning plunging eight states into complete darkness, disrupting inter-state train services, adversely hitting health services and impacting millions of lives.

The tripping of the 400 KV Bina-Gwalior line, which flows into Agra-Bareilly at 2.35 a.m. wreaked havoc on the power generation and transmission systems leading to shut down of all major power plants including hydro power stations in the States of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttrakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and the Union Territory of Chandigarh, which are all a part of the Northern Grid.

The immediate impact of the grid collapse was the shortage of around 32,000 MW of power. The last such collapse of the Northern Grid, which caters to around 28 per cent of the country’s population, took place in 2001. India currently faces around 8 to 12 per cent peak power deficit, according to the Central Electricity Authority (CEA).

The massive shutdown had a crippling effect on inter-state passenger and goods trains that came to a screeching halt. Early morning office goers and school children had a harrowing time as traffic signals went on the blink leading to traffic chaos in the affected States including the Capital Delhi.

Hospitals too had to scurry around for alternatives and back up supply. A majority of the hospitals claimed to have alternate supply arrangements, yet reports of services being disrupted trickled in from several places.

Operations at the major oil refineries in Panipat, Mathura and Bhatinda remained unaffected as these facilities have their own captive power plants and do not rely on the grid for supply.

While Power Minister, Sushil Kumar Shinde said he could not pin point the exact reason for the collapse, PGCIL and Northern Region Load Despatch Centre officials said that it was rampant overdrawal by Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana that led to the collapse that in turn paralysed services.

The last time the grid collapse occurred was in 2001, it has happened now after 10 years. At that time, the power breakdown took place at midnight and normalcy was restored by 4.30 pm.

PGCIL chairman and managing director, R.N. Nayak said the situation had been restored to normal by 4 pm. The Northern grid was generating around 29000 MW of power by late evening, which was about 2000 MW of the peak demand.

Hit by the sudden collapse of the grid system, the Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) officials swung into action with Mr. Nayak and his team of officials reaching their monitoring centre at 3 a.m. to assess the situation and work on a rescue package. By 8 a.m., PGCIL officials claimed to have restored around 40 per cent of power.”

via The Hindu : News / National : Northern India hit by one of the worst power breakdowns.

Posted in Economics, Electricity, India alert | 2 Comments »

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30/07/2012

* India’s Power Demand Fuels Bhutan’s Economy

WSJ: “When northern India was hit by its worst power outage in a decade early Monday – bringing trains to a standstill, creating massive road jams in the absence of traffic signals, and keeping thousands of offices and factories shut – the country’s leaders turned to its tiny neighbor Bhutan for help.

The Himalayan kingdom responded by releasing additional power from its hydroelectric plants, allowing New Delhi to restore some order while government officials and engineers worked to fix its electricity network.

This example of David coming to Goliath’s rescue speaks of Bhutan’s successful efforts to increase its electricity generation capacity to help boost its modest economy.

Bhutan – which is just 1% of India’s size and has fewer than 800,000 people compared with its neighbor’s 1.2 billion – now provides 1% of India’s electricity needs.

India has a deal to buy 5.480 billion kilowatt hours of power from Bhutan in the year that began April 1. The number might seem small, but it is hugely significant for Bhutan.

The electricity sector’s share of Bhutan’s economy has reached almost 20%, and it now outstrips agriculture as the single-largest contributor to gross domestic product, according to a World Bank report published in September.

Bhutan’s gross domestic product grew 8.1% in the year that ended March 31, 2011, helped by the construction of new hydropower projects, the report added. It anticipated that electricity exports will be the country’s main source of growth in the short-to-medium term.

Bhutan has hydro power potential of 30,000 megawatts, about a fifth of India’s own potential. However, the hydro projects in India aren’t making much progress due to strong protests from environmentalists and other issues.

So New Delhi is focusing on tapping the potential of land-locked Bhutan. India has helped build 96% of the kingdom’s overall hydropower capacity (1,472 megawatts.)

In July 2006, India agreed to develop and import 5,000 megawatt of electricity from Bhutan by 2020. The target was doubled to 10,000 MW in May 2008.

India also has a significant military presence in Bhutan, which it views of strategic importance as it shares a disputed border with China.”

via India’s Power Demand Fuels Bhutan’s Economy – India Real Time – WSJ.

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29/07/2012

* Thirsty South Asia’s river rifts threaten “water wars”

WSJ: “As the silver waters of the Kishanganga rush through this north Kashmir valley, Indian labourers are hard at work on a hydropower project that will dam the river just before it flows across one of the world’s most militarised borders into Pakistan.

The loud hum of excavators echoes through the pine-covered valley, clearing masses of soil and boulders.

The 330-MW dam shows India’s growing focus on hydropower but also highlights how water is a growing source of tension with downstream Pakistan, which depends on the snow-fed Himalayan rivers for everything from drinking water to agriculture.

Islamabad has complained to an international court that the dam in the Gurez valley, one of dozens planned by India, will affect river flows and is illegal. The court has halted any permanent work on the river for the moment, although India can still continue tunneling and other associated projects.

In the years since their partition from British India in 1947, land disputes have led the two nuclear-armed neighbours to two of their three wars. The next flashpoint could well be water.

“There is definitely potential for conflict based on water, particularly if we are looking to the year 2050, when there could be considerable water scarcity in India and Pakistan,” says Michael Kugelman, South Asia Associate at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington.”

via India Insight

Posted in agriculture, Construction, India alert, Politics | 3 Comments »

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