Archive for ‘Politics’

04/02/2014

* China’s Rising Anti-Corruption Campaign: Who Is Next? | Frank Vogl

An unprecedented attack on corruption at the top of the Chinese Communist Party is now underway. Suddenly, following a spate of trials, arrests and investigations, it seems as if even the most senior leaders in the Communist Party are vulnerable.

Moreover, U.S. and other foreign firms doing business in China are on their guard as investigations of their relationships to top officials also appear to be moving into high gear. Most recently, for example, Chinese police announced that they are investigating British drugmaker GlaxoSmithKline for alleged bribery and tax violations.

Corruption is rampant in the Chinese Communist Party. The new leadership has vowed to attack this plague and in January of this year the then new Chinese Central Committee General-Secretary, Xi Jinping, who in the spring added the key title of President, declared: \”We must have the resolution to fight every corrupt phenomenon, punish every corrupt official and constantly eradicate the soil which breeds corruption, so as to earn people\’s trust with actual results.\”

Many investigations and arrests of senior officials have been seen this year, but none have been as prominent as three situations that combine to underscore just how exceptionally important this anti-graft campaign is:

First, charges of corruption were prominent in the recent trial of former top political leader Bo Xilai, the former governor and Communist Party chief of Chongqing province, who had been in line for appointment to the national Standing Committee.

Second, on September 3, Xinhua — the official Chinese news agency — reported that Jiang Jiemin, head of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of the State Council and deputy secretary of the SASAC committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), \”has been removed from office because of suspected serious disciplinary violations.\” Jiang wielded far-reaching power over a vast array of government enterprises.

Third — and most importantly — Chinese government officials have made no effort to curb news reports that Zhou Yongkang is under investigation for corruption. Zhou had been a member of the top Communist Party Standing Committee and the country\’s chief of security and intelligence until his retirement last November. At the time he ranked at the ninth most important member of the Chinese government and the Communist Party.

It is quite possible that President Xi is encouraging the investigations and arrests of high-level officials in order to consolidate his own power and purge the Communist Party of potential rivals. Jiang Jiemen\’s career has long been closely associated with the mounting power that Zhou Yongkang enjoyed, so the news about both of them led, for example, to BBC News analyst Celia Hatton in Beijing to report that \”rumors indicate that Mr Zhou continues to act as a rival to Xi Jinping.

It is not yet clear whether Zhou will be arrested and charged with any crimes. Nor is there any announcement from officials that Jiang will be prosecuted, even though it is likely that a number of officials who have reported to him over the years, including executives at China\’s National Petroleum Corporation, could face the heat.

Many senior officials in China today may well have good reason to be nervous as they see the current investigations into Zhou and Jiang proceed. To be sure, many top officials in China have not depended on their official salaries alone given the lavish lifestyles of the families of many of them and the vast wealth of prominent Chinese businessmen with close ties to senior officials. Many officials, indeed, may now be asking: who\’s next?

via China’s Rising Anti-Corruption Campaign: Who Is Next? | Frank Vogl.

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03/02/2014

China says no cover-ups using state secrecy as excuse | Reuters

China has unveiled new rules telling officials not to cover up what should be publicly available information using the excuse it is a state secret, in what state media said was a move towards greater government transparency.

China has notoriously vague state secret laws, covering everything from the number of people executed every year to industry databases and even pollution figures, and information can be retroactively labeled a state secret.

The issue received international attention in 2009 when an Australian citizen and three Chinese colleagues working for mining giant Rio Tinto were detained for stealing state secrets during the course of tense iron ore negotiations.

But the government has come under pressure from its own people to be more open, especially on sensitive issues like the environment, which have no obvious implications for national security.

The new rules, carried by the official Xinhua news agency late on Sunday, mandate that government departments \”must not define as a state secret information which by law ought to be public\”.

Xinhua said that the move, due to come into force on March 1, was \”an effort to boost government transparency\”.

via China says no cover-ups using state secrecy as excuse | Reuters.

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02/02/2014

India vs. the U.S.: When Central Bankers Collide – Businessweek

Central banking isn’t a contact sport like football, or even cricket. But the head of India’s central bank, who until recently was living and working in the U.S., is throwing some sharp elbows at his counterparts at the Federal Reserve. This is as close to a brawl as you’re likely to see in the genteel world of official monetary policy.

Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan in Mumbai on Jan. 30

In an appearance on Bloomberg TV India yesterday that made headlines around the world, Reserve Bank of India Governor Raghuram Rajan said “international monetary cooperation has broken down.” Lest there be any confusion about what caused the breakdown, Rajan said, “Industrial countries have to play a part in restoring that, and they can’t at this point wash their hands off and say, ‘We’ll do what we need to and you do the adjustment.’”

Rajan’s reference to “industrial countries” pertains mostly to the U.S., where the Federal Reserve announced yesterday that it would further taper its bond-buying. The Fed’s move puts upward pressure on U.S. interest rates. That in turn leads investors to snatch their money out of countries like India and put it in U.S. securities that suddenly offer more attractive yields. The result: downward pressure on India’s currency, the rupee. When the rupee falls, Indian imports get more expensive. That makes Indians poorer and raises the inflation rate, which is already running at around 10 percent a year.

via India vs. the U.S.: When Central Bankers Collide – Businessweek.

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01/02/2014

* India, Japan to cooperate in energy, telecoms – Businessweek

India and Japan have signed agreements on cooperation in the energy and telecom sectors during Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe\’s visit to New Delhi.

Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh held talks with Abe on Saturday and said India was taking steps to facilitate Japan\’s links with India\’s growing economy.

Singh said that India also was discussing with Japan the possibility of buying an amphibian aircraft called the US-2 and its co-production in India. \”More broadly, we are working toward increasing our cooperation in the area of advanced technologies.\”

The two agreed to hold regular consultations between their national security councils on security issues. India invited Japan\’s Maritime Self-Defense Force to participate in this year\’s India-U.S. naval exercises off India\’s western coast, according to a joint statement issued after the official talks.

The Indo-U.S. exercises, launched in 2006, include air operations and sea control missions aimed at preventing piracy and countering terrorism at sea.

Abe arrived in New Delhi on Saturday for a three-day visit. He was the chief guest at India\’s Republic Day celebrations on Sunday.

via India, Japan to cooperate in energy, telecoms – Businessweek.

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01/02/2014

BBC News – Why Mahatma Gandhi is becoming popular in China

For the first time, Indian independence hero Mahatma Gandhi\’s own story of his life is to be available in China.

Mahatma Gandhi

The Story of My Experiments With Truth, which has sold more than 200,000 copies in India alone and has been translated in to some 35 languages, will now be translated in Mandarin to cater to what Chinese scholars say is the \”growing interest\” in the leader in their country.

Five volumes of Gandhi\’s selected works containing his writings on satyagraha [people\’s movement], religion, politics and speeches, will also be translated into Mandarin.

\”Gandhi\’s works have largely not been available in Russia and China so far. We are really excited with the growing interest about his writings in China,\” said Vivek Desai of the Ahmadabad-based Navajivan Trust, the 84-year-old publishing house founded by Gandhi which has published more than 300 volumes of the leader\’s works.

Surge of interest

Dr Huang Yinghong of Guangzhou-based Sun Yat-Sen University said he and a team of academics would translate and publish Gandhi\’s works in China. Over 80 of the leader\’s speeches will also be translated.

\”A lot of people, especially the young, in China are interested about Gandhi\’s work but unable to find anything in the local language,\” he said, adding that he planned to launch the five volumes of translated works by the end of the year.

What is driving the surge of interest in the works of the independence hero in China?

\”Gandhi\’s non-co-operation movement [against British rule] in 1920 and his ability to mobilise people had caught the attention of Chinese rulers,\” says Prof Shang Quanyu, who teaches at the foreign studies department of South China Normal University in Guangzhou and has been researching Gandhi.

\”Until 1950, 27 books and hundreds of articles on Gandhi and his ideas where published here. He was described as the Rousseau and Tolstoy of India.\”

via BBC News – Why Mahatma Gandhi is becoming popular in China.

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31/01/2014

* Why You Should Pay Close Attention to China’s Security Commission – China Real Time Report – WSJ

I wonder if the Chinese NSC is loosely modelled on the US NSA?

China’s complex bureaucracy has presented China-watchers with a new analytical challenge in the form of a National Security Commission, which appears intended to help President Xi Jinping consolidate power and enhance administration but which otherwise remains something of a mystery.

The new commission, first discussed in detail at a major Communist Party policy conclave in November, will be headed by Xi, with Premier Li Keqiang and leading Politburo member Zhang Dejiang as deputy heads, according to recent state media reports. Most of the rest of the commission’s roster has not been revealed.

Indications are the NSC will be a robust, influential organ with the potential to change how China faces a range of challenges. Official pronouncements suggest that one of its important tasks will be to ensure a stable environment for major economic reforms the party laid out in November, which will create temporary winners and losers even if they ultimately yield major gains for society overall in the long run.

“State security and social stability are preconditions for reform and development,” Xi said in an explanation of the commission’s role published shortly after the new agency was unveiled.

How will the NSC operate, and to what end?

The key question hovering over commission has been whether it will focus more on domestic policing or on national security in the foreign policy sense of the term. Most indications suggest that it will concern itself mostly, though not exclusively, with internal security.”

via Why You Should Pay Close Attention to China’s Security Commission – China Real Time Report – WSJ.

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31/01/2014

China’s Xi Jinping calls for less pollution in year of the horse – FT.com

The Mongolian steppes was where Chinese president Xi Jinping offered his televised New Year’s greeting as Chinese people worldwide celebrated the year of the horse with fireworks and feasting.

While the content of his message varied little from previous years, the choice of setting shed light on the great strains confronting today’s China.

And this year, the message was pollution.

The lunar new year, which began on Friday, is the main holiday in the Chinese calendar. Far-flung families, gathered for holiday meals, inevitably tune to state television, which this year emphasised Mr Xi’s theme of a “Chinese dream” and urged viewers to lay off on fireworks in order to reduce pollution.

Urging “continued struggle with one heart and mind” and prosperity for the motherland, Mr Xi did not address specific policies directly. But Chinese leaders’ New Year’s visits often coincide with priorities for the year ahead, including visits to coal miners, Aids patients and impoverished country villages.

This year the wide-open grasslands framed behind Xi’s dark winter coat and black fur hat are a fitting symbol for the country’s new focus on pollution, which clashes with its enormous appetite for coal.

The herders applauding Mr Xi in the freezing wind at Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia, have been on the receiving end of a black gold rush, as state-backed mining companies from richer provinces rip up the grasslands in search of coal.

China’s leadership is now trying to reduce coal pollution in wealthier cities, but renewed plans for coal development in the north and west could cause new stresses in arid and ethnically distinct areas like Xilin Gol.

via China’s Xi Jinping calls for less pollution in year of the horse – FT.com.

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30/01/2014

* AAP to contest over 350 LS seats, will fight tainted leaders – The Times of India

Aam Aadmi Party on Thursday said it will contest over 350 Lok Sabha seats (total 543 seats) and vowed to take on tainted candidates and political leaders who have become \”symbols\” of corruption and criminalization of politics.

English: Chamber graphic for the Lok Sabha aft...

English: Chamber graphic for the Lok Sabha after the 1999 General Election (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

The fledgling party, which made a stunning debut in the recent Delhi assembly polls, said it would contest elections against 14 Union ministers as well as A Raja allegedly involved in the 2G spectrum scam.

\”We have received reports from our state conveners and looking at the response from different seats, it has been decided that the Aam Aadmi Party will contest more than 350 seats in the Lok Sabha elections,\” senior party leader and political affairs committee (PAC) member Sanjay Singh told reporters.

via AAP to contest over 350 LS seats, will fight tainted leaders – The Times of India.

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29/01/2014

Corruption: Less party time | The Economist

FOR a sense of how President Xi Jinping’s anti-corruption campaign is doing, a recent report by Xinhua, the official news agency, is a good place to start: it said that 56 five-star hotels in China had asked to be downgraded last year in order to survive, as local governments have been prohibited from using luxury hotels. Chen Miaolin, chairman of New Century Tourism Group, told Xinhua that revenues at his group’s (mostly five-star) hotels fell by 18% last year.

In big cities business is down at many of the best private clubs and restaurants. A number of luxury brands have reported sharp falls in revenues. Rémy Cointreau saw sales of its flagship cognac fall by more than 30% in the last three months of 2013 over the previous year, mostly owing to falling Chinese demand.

The campaign begun more than a year ago by Mr Xi has been surprisingly broad and sustained, and is intensifying as it enters a second year. The Central Commission for Discipline and Inspection, the party’s watchdog, says that 182,000 officials were punished for disciplinary violations in 2013, an increase of more than 20,000 over 2012, and of nearly 40,000 over 2011. Thousands of officials have been disciplined for extravagances such as hosting lavish banquets, weddings and funerals, spending public funds inappropriately on travel, the improper use of government vehicles and constructing luxurious government buildings. But two recent developments illustrate the difficulty and sensitivity of the task the party has set itself.

On January 21st a report by a team of media outlets led by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), an American organisation, revealed the secret offshore holdings of close relatives of some of China’s elite, including Mr Xi’s brother-in-law and the son of Wen Jiabao, the former premier. Then on January 22nd authorities began criminal trials in Beijing of independent anti-corruption activists who campaigned for, among other things, public disclosure of official assets (see article).

The message from Mr Xi is that the party, and only the party, will patrol itself, and is perfectly capable of doing so. But the ICIJ report hints at the failures during decades of self-policing.

via Corruption: Less party time | The Economist.

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28/01/2014

More violence in Xinjiang: Unquiet on the western front | The Economist

THE LATEST flurry of news from and about Xinjiang—a fresh bout of deadly violence in the region and the arrest of an activist scholar in Beijing—suggests that Chinese authorities are not about to change their strategy for managing ethnic tensions there. But neither do they look like succeeding in bringing an end to the anger, suppression and unrest.

Twelve people were reported killed January 24th in the latest flare up of violence. And on January 15th, police in Beijing detained Ilham Tohti (pictured above), a 44-year-old professor of economics, a native of Xinjiang and a member of the native Muslim Uighur minority, which has long bristled under Han Chinese rule. Chinese officials have only cited unspecified “violations of law” but Global Times, a party-run newspaper, accused him of frequently giving “aggressive lectures” and “attempting to find a moral excuse for terrorists”.

In another article, Global Times quoted police as saying Mr Tohti “recruited and manipulated some people to make rumours, distort and hype up issues in a bid to create conflicts, spread separatist thinking, incite ethnic hatred, advocate ‘Xinjiang independence’ and conduct separatist activities”.

Mr Tohti is a well-known scholar, focussing on topics like labour and migration. He has also been an outspoken critic of Chinese policies in Xinjiang, and an advocate for better treatment of Uighurs. Last year, he was stopped at Beijing airport as he tried to travel to the United States to take up a teaching position at Indiana University.

The American government said in a statement that the case appeared to be part of a disturbing pattern of arrests and detentions of people “who peacefully challenge official Chinese policies and actions”. Scholars who are familiar with Mr Tohti’s work have also expressed concern. “It’s not a good sign,” says Dru Gladney, a Xinjiang specialist at Pomona College, in California.  “It gave us some hope that some Uighurs were still able to teach classes, speak out and speak to foreign media. I’ve never known him to advocate independence or violence, or to associate with separatists.”

via More violence in Xinjiang: Unquiet on the western front | The Economist.

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