Archive for ‘University of Cambridge’

07/07/2019

Ancient Chinese city ruins become country’s latest Unesco World Heritage Site

  • Five thousand-year-old ruins in Zhejiang province are the earliest known example of Chinese civilisation
  • Country passes Italy to become home to the largest number of World Heritage Sites
The Liangzhu site in Zhejiang dates back to 3,500BC. Photo: Thepaper.cn
The Liangzhu site in Zhejiang dates back to 3,500BC. Photo: Thepaper.cn
A 5,300-year old Chinese city that provides the earliest example of civilisation in the country has been named as the country’s latest Unesco World Heritage Site.
The Liangzhu Archaeological Site in Zhejiang province was designated a “cultural site” at the latest Unesco meeting in Azerbaijan, bringing the total number of Chinese heritage sites to 55 – passing Italy as the country with the largest number in the world.
The ruins, located on the outskirts of the modern city of Hangzhou, sits on the plain of river networks in the basin of the Yangtze River and date back to 3,300BC.
The site covers an area of 14.3 square kilometres, and mainly consists relics of 11 dams, cemetery sites, water conservancy system and walls that gives evidence to an early Chinese urban civilisation, with rice cultivation as the economic foundation.
An aerial view of the site. Photo: Thepaper.cn
An aerial view of the site. Photo: Thepaper.cn

The discovery of the site was of “primary importance” as it provides evidence of compelling evidence that Chinese civilisation started 5,000 years ago, 1,000 years earlier than previously thought, Colin Renfrew, a retired professor of archaeology at University of Cambridge, told state news agency Xinhua.

“So when we are talking of the origins of state society in China, we can think of the Liangzhu … instead of the Shang civilisation around 1,500BC.

The site was first discovered in 1936 when a team of archaeologists unearthed some pottery and began searching for further evidence

Liangzhu is China’s 55th Unesco World Heritage Site. Photo: Thepaper.cn
Liangzhu is China’s 55th Unesco World Heritage Site. Photo: Thepaper.cn

A breakthrough came in 1986 when a burial site with around 1,200 artefacts made from jade, pottery and ivory was uncovered.

The walls of the city were discovered in 2007 and the surrounding water conservancy system was unearthed in 2015.

Archaeologists estimate that it would have taken 4,000 people working for a decade to build the system, according to Xinhua.

The decision to add the site to the Unesco list is the culmination of more than two decades’ work, with preliminary work starting in 1994.

The site is now open to tourists, but a maximum number allowed to visit the site is limited to 3,000 a day and bookings must be made online.

Source: SCMP

01/07/2019

Why West means best for middle-class parents fleeing the Chinese education system

  • International schools and companies offering extracurricular services have sprung up to prepare children to study overseas
  • Families disenchanted with exam-based classes and intense competition for tertiary places look offshore for alternatives
A group of young Chinese students tour the University of Cambridge in England. Photo: Alamy
A group of young Chinese students tour the University of Cambridge in England. Photo: Alamy
On a sunny summer’s day, 24 schoolchildren head off on a four-day field trip to Guizhou province in southwestern China.
The children, aged eight to 16, have gone into the far reaches of the mountainous province not to see its picturesque Huangguoshu waterfall or to meet people from the ethnic Miao minorities. Instead, they are there to see the Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical Telescope, or Fast – the world’s biggest radio telescope, built in 2016.
The trip was organised by All in One Education, a Shenzhen-based company offering extracurricular classes and educational trips for Chinese students who aim to study abroad.
The agency has organised similar trips to Hebei and Yunnan provinces, catering to parents who want to expand their children’s horizons.
“This kind of experience is not usually available to students who follow the traditional Chinese education model, but it does appeal to those who go to international schools and schools that emphasise exploration,” Zhang Yong, the teacher leading the field trip, said.

Zhang said other agencies in China arranged educational trips abroad, including to universities such as Harvard and Oxford.

Many Chinese parents want their children to have a broader education than they get in the public schools system. Photo: Reuters
Many Chinese parents want their children to have a broader education than they get in the public schools system. Photo: Reuters

The companies are part of an industry targeting an ever-growing market of parents who have high expectations for their children and who are anxious to ensure their children go to the best schools they can afford.

The services are also aimed at parents who see studying abroad as a way to avoid the intense competition and discipline of the Chinese education system.

Crunch time as gaokao exam season starts for China’s university hopefuls

An overseas education has long been reserved for the privileged few in China but it is becoming more of an option as people become more affluent and more services open up to cater to the demand to give the best to the next generation.

According to the Ministry of Education, 662,100 people studied abroad last year, 53,700 more than in 2017.

For Shanghai parent Iris Wang the best means a Western university. She said that not only were Western universities better than their Chinese equivalents but she had also lost faith in China’s secondary education system.

With her daughter starting at an international middle school in September, Wang is now planning for the child to go overseas for experience and study.

She said that although the teachers working in public schools in China were responsible, the system itself was too rigid.

“In summer, the pupils have to take naps at noon, and teachers write down the names of those who don’t sleep and tell their parents,” she said. “And even if you don’t want to take nap, you are not allowed to take a walk or talk; you must rest your heads and arms on the table.”

Many middle-class Chinese parents are seeking alternatives to the public education system. Photo: AP
Many middle-class Chinese parents are seeking alternatives to the public education system. Photo: AP

Such rules are common in Chinese public schools and meant to instil a sense of discipline among the pupils.

“But educating kids is not the same as making a product on an assembly line,” Wang said.

By withdrawing her daughter from the public system, Wang has forfeited her child’s chance to go to a Chinese high school or university.

It’s a route more Chinese parents are taking, according to a report released in April by the Social Sciences Academic Press and the 21st Century Education Research Institute, a Beijing-based think tank. In 2018, there were 821 international schools in China, up 12 per cent from a year earlier.

Wang has not just sent her daughter to an international school but has also begun researching the next steps, convinced that her daughter should leave China early to better adapt to university abroad.

“She will need to learn the language, develop a different learning mindset, as well as adapt to the lifestyle there,” Wang said.

China’s infamous gaokao university entrance exam

Shenzhen mother Yao Li has also decided that an early exit from the Chinese education system would be good for her daughter, who is still in primary school.

Yao plans to send her daughter to an international secondary school so she can receive a Western education and eventually apply to schools abroad.

Compared with the traditional Chinese education, which focused on exams as measures of excellence, an international education could give a child more possibilities, she said.

“The competition in China for a good education is so fierce that my child will not have sufficient room for development if she stays here,” she said. “We hope that she can become more international and have more diverse abilities as well.”

Why did one of China’s elite universities need to offer big money to get the best students?

Yao has already signed her daughter up for extracurricular classes such as English, art and public speaking, hoping that she can develop a diverse set of skills instead of focusing on academic results alone.

Zhang, the teacher at All In One Education, said there was a huge market in China catering to parents who are interested in such classes.

“The reason is simple, the university entrance examination in China is very difficult,” Zhang said. “So parents in areas like Shenzhen who are doing well will send their children abroad to study instead.”

But making the decision to send a child to an international school is just the start. For the middle-class parents who are preparing their children early, there are many more decisions to make, many more classes to attend and many more tests to take.

“We will have to think about which country to send her to in a year or so,” Wang from Shanghai said. “The options are different and so are the preparations – even the language tests required are different, one is TOEFL, one is IELTS.”

Source: SCMP

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